ff-inc.h

/*
    Implementation header for FatFs core (header-only build)
    This file is intended to be included by ff.h only. Do not include directly
    from application code. The header-only pattern pulls this implementation into
    each translation unit that includes ff.h.
*/
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/  FatFs - Generic FAT Filesystem Module  R0.14                               /
/-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/
/ Copyright (C) 2019, ChaN, all right reserved.
/
/ FatFs module is an open source software. Redistribution and use of FatFs in
/ source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided
/ that the following condition is met:
/
/ 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
/    this condition and the following disclaimer.
/
/ This software is provided by the copyright holder and contributors "AS IS"
/ and any warranties related to this software are DISCLAIMED.
/ The copyright owner or contributors be NOT LIABLE for any damages caused
/ by use of this software.
/
/----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
#include "ff.h"         /* Declarations of FatFs API */
#include "ffconf.h"
 
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
   Module Private Definitions
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
/* Limits and boundaries */
#define MAX_DIR     0x200000        /* Max size of FAT directory */
#define MAX_DIR_EX  0x10000000      /* Max size of exFAT directory */
#define MAX_FAT12   0xFF5           /* Max FAT12 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT16   0xFFF5          /* Max FAT16 clusters (differs from specs, but right for real DOS/Windows behavior) */
#define MAX_FAT32   0x0FFFFFF5      /* Max FAT32 clusters (not specified, practical limit) */
#define MAX_EXFAT   0x7FFFFFFD      /* Max exFAT clusters (differs from specs, implementation limit) */
 
 
/* Character code support macros */
#define IsUpper(c)      ((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'Z')
#define IsLower(c)      ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z')
#define IsDigit(c)      ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
#define IsSurrogate(c)  ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)
#define IsSurrogateH(c) ((c) >= 0xD800 && (c) <= 0xDBFF)
#define IsSurrogateL(c) ((c) >= 0xDC00 && (c) <= 0xDFFF)
 
 
/* Additional file access control and file status flags for internal use */
#define FA_SEEKEND  0x20    /* Seek to end of the file on file open */
#define FA_MODIFIED 0x40    /* File has been modified */
#define FA_DIRTY    0x80    /* FIL.buf[] needs to be written-back */
 
 
/* Additional file attribute bits for internal use */
#define AM_VOL      0x08    /* Volume label */
#define AM_LFN      0x0F    /* LFN entry */
#define AM_MASK     0x3F    /* Mask of defined bits */
 
 
/* Name status flags in fn[11] */
#define NSFLAG      11      /* Index of the name status byte */
#define NS_LOSS     0x01    /* Out of 8.3 format */
#define NS_LFN      0x02    /* Force to create LFN entry */
#define NS_LAST     0x04    /* Last segment */
#define NS_BODY     0x08    /* Lower case flag (body) */
#define NS_EXT      0x10    /* Lower case flag (ext) */
#define NS_DOT      0x20    /* Dot entry */
#define NS_NOLFN    0x40    /* Do not find LFN */
#define NS_NONAME   0x80    /* Not followed */
 
 
/* exFAT directory entry types */
#define ET_BITMAP   0x81    /* Allocation bitmap */
#define ET_UPCASE   0x82    /* Up-case table */
#define ET_VLABEL   0x83    /* Volume label */
#define ET_FILEDIR  0x85    /* File and directory */
#define ET_STREAM   0xC0    /* Stream extension */
#define ET_FILENAME 0xC1    /* Name extension */
 
 
/* FatFs refers the FAT structure as simple byte array instead of structure member
/ because the C structure is not binary compatible between different platforms */
 
#define BS_JmpBoot          0       /* x86 jump instruction (3-byte) */
#define BS_OEMName          3       /* OEM name (8-byte) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSec      11      /* Sector size [byte] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerClus      13      /* Cluster size [sector] (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt      14      /* Size of reserved area [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumFATs         16      /* Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RootEntCnt      17      /* Size of root directory area for FAT [entry] (WORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec16        19      /* Volume size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_Media           21      /* Media descriptor byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_FATSz16         22      /* FAT size (16-bit) [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_SecPerTrk       24      /* Number of sectors per track for int13h [sector] (WORD) */
#define BPB_NumHeads        26      /* Number of heads for int13h (WORD) */
#define BPB_HiddSec         28      /* Volume offset from top of the drive (DWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSec32        32      /* Volume size (32-bit) [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum           36      /* Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres            37      /* WindowsNT error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig          38      /* Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID            39      /* Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab           43      /* Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType       54      /* Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode         62      /* Boot code (448-byte) */
#define BS_55AA             510     /* Signature word (WORD) */
 
#define BPB_FATSz32         36      /* FAT32: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_ExtFlags32      40      /* FAT32: Extended flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_FSVer32         42      /* FAT32: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_RootClus32      44      /* FAT32: Root directory cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSInfo32        48      /* FAT32: Offset of FSINFO sector (WORD) */
#define BPB_BkBootSec32     50      /* FAT32: Offset of backup boot sector (WORD) */
#define BS_DrvNum32         64      /* FAT32: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BS_NTres32          65      /* FAT32: Error flag (BYTE) */
#define BS_BootSig32        66      /* FAT32: Extended boot signature (BYTE) */
#define BS_VolID32          67      /* FAT32: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BS_VolLab32         71      /* FAT32: Volume label string (8-byte) */
#define BS_FilSysType32     82      /* FAT32: Filesystem type string (8-byte) */
#define BS_BootCode32       90      /* FAT32: Boot code (420-byte) */
 
#define BPB_ZeroedEx        11      /* exFAT: MBZ field (53-byte) */
#define BPB_VolOfsEx        64      /* exFAT: Volume offset from top of the drive [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_TotSecEx        72      /* exFAT: Volume size [sector] (QWORD) */
#define BPB_FatOfsEx        80      /* exFAT: FAT offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FatSzEx         84      /* exFAT: FAT size [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_DataOfsEx       88      /* exFAT: Data offset from top of the volume [sector] (DWORD) */
#define BPB_NumClusEx       92      /* exFAT: Number of clusters (DWORD) */
#define BPB_RootClusEx      96      /* exFAT: Root directory start cluster (DWORD) */
#define BPB_VolIDEx         100     /* exFAT: Volume serial number (DWORD) */
#define BPB_FSVerEx         104     /* exFAT: Filesystem version (WORD) */
#define BPB_VolFlagEx       106     /* exFAT: Volume flags (WORD) */
#define BPB_BytsPerSecEx    108     /* exFAT: Log2 of sector size in unit of byte (BYTE) */
#define BPB_SecPerClusEx    109     /* exFAT: Log2 of cluster size in unit of sector (BYTE) */
#define BPB_NumFATsEx       110     /* exFAT: Number of FATs (BYTE) */
#define BPB_DrvNumEx        111     /* exFAT: Physical drive number for int13h (BYTE) */
#define BPB_PercInUseEx     112     /* exFAT: Percent in use (BYTE) */
#define BPB_RsvdEx          113     /* exFAT: Reserved (7-byte) */
#define BS_BootCodeEx       120     /* exFAT: Boot code (390-byte) */
 
#define DIR_Name            0       /* Short file name (11-byte) */
#define DIR_Attr            11      /* Attribute (BYTE) */
#define DIR_NTres           12      /* Lower case flag (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime10       13      /* Created time sub-second (BYTE) */
#define DIR_CrtTime         14      /* Created time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_LstAccDate      18      /* Last accessed date (WORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusHI       20      /* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_ModTime         22      /* Modified time (DWORD) */
#define DIR_FstClusLO       26      /* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (WORD) */
#define DIR_FileSize        28      /* File size (DWORD) */
#define LDIR_Ord            0       /* LFN: LFN order and LLE flag (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Attr           11      /* LFN: LFN attribute (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Type           12      /* LFN: Entry type (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_Chksum         13      /* LFN: Checksum of the SFN (BYTE) */
#define LDIR_FstClusLO      26      /* LFN: MBZ field (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Type           0       /* exFAT: Type of exFAT directory entry (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumLabel       1       /* exFAT: Number of volume label characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_Label          2       /* exFAT: Volume label (11-WORD) */
#define XDIR_CaseSum        4       /* exFAT: Sum of case conversion table (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_NumSec         1       /* exFAT: Number of secondary entries (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_SetSum         2       /* exFAT: Sum of the set of directory entries (WORD) */
#define XDIR_Attr           4       /* exFAT: File attribute (WORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime        8       /* exFAT: Created time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_ModTime        12      /* exFAT: Modified time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_AccTime        16      /* exFAT: Last accessed time (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_CrtTime10      20      /* exFAT: Created time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTime10      21      /* exFAT: Modified time subsecond (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_CrtTZ          22      /* exFAT: Created timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_ModTZ          23      /* exFAT: Modified timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_AccTZ          24      /* exFAT: Last accessed timezone (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_GenFlags       33      /* exFAT: General secondary flags (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NumName        35      /* exFAT: Number of file name characters (BYTE) */
#define XDIR_NameHash       36      /* exFAT: Hash of file name (WORD) */
#define XDIR_ValidFileSize  40      /* exFAT: Valid file size (QWORD) */
#define XDIR_FstClus        52      /* exFAT: First cluster of the file data (DWORD) */
#define XDIR_FileSize       56      /* exFAT: File/Directory size (QWORD) */
 
#define DDEM                0xE5    /* Deleted directory entry mark set to DIR_Name[0] */
#define RDDEM               0x05    /* Replacement of the character collides with DDEM */
#define LLEF                0x40    /* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */
 
#define FSI_LeadSig         0       /* FAT32 FSI: Leading signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_StrucSig        484     /* FAT32 FSI: Structure signature (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Free_Count      488     /* FAT32 FSI: Number of free clusters (DWORD) */
#define FSI_Nxt_Free        492     /* FAT32 FSI: Last allocated cluster (DWORD) */
 
#define MBR_Table           446     /* MBR: Offset of partition table in the MBR */
#define SZ_PTE              16      /* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
#define PTE_Boot            0       /* MBR PTE: Boot indicator */
#define PTE_StHead          1       /* MBR PTE: Start head */
#define PTE_StSec           2       /* MBR PTE: Start sector */
#define PTE_StCyl           3       /* MBR PTE: Start cylinder */
#define PTE_System          4       /* MBR PTE: System ID */
#define PTE_EdHead          5       /* MBR PTE: End head */
#define PTE_EdSec           6       /* MBR PTE: End sector */
#define PTE_EdCyl           7       /* MBR PTE: End cylinder */
#define PTE_StLba           8       /* MBR PTE: Start in LBA */
#define PTE_SizLba          12      /* MBR PTE: Size in LBA */
 
#define GPTH_Sign           0       /* GPT: Header signature (8-byte) */
#define GPTH_Rev            8       /* GPT: Revision (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Size           12      /* GPT: Header size (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_Bcc            16      /* GPT: Header BCC (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_CurLba         24      /* GPT: Main header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_BakLba         32      /* GPT: Backup header LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_FstLba         40      /* GPT: First LBA for partitions (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_LstLba         48      /* GPT: Last LBA for partitions (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_DskGuid        56      /* GPT: Disk GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTH_PtOfs          72      /* GPT: Partation table LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtNum          80      /* GPT: Number of table entries (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PteSize        84      /* GPT: Size of table entry (DWORD) */
#define GPTH_PtBcc          88      /* GPT: Partation table BCC (DWORD) */
#define SZ_GPTE             128     /* GPT: Size of partition table entry */
#define GPTE_PtGuid         0       /* GPT PTE: Partition type GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_UpGuid         16      /* GPT PTE: Partition unique GUID (16-byte) */
#define GPTE_FstLba         32      /* GPT PTE: First LBA (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_LstLba         40      /* GPT PTE: Last LBA inclusive (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Flags          48      /* GPT PTE: Flags (QWORD) */
#define GPTE_Name           56      /* GPT PTE: Name */
 
 
/* Post process on fatal error in the file operations */
#define ABORT(fs, res)      { fp->err = (BYTE)(res); LEAVE_FF(fs, res); }
 
 
/* Re-entrancy related */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
#error Static LFN work area cannot be used at thread-safe configuration
#endif
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)   { unlock_fs(fs, res); return res; }
#else
#define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)   return res
#endif
 
 
/* Definitions of logical drive - physical location conversion */
#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
#define LD2PD(vol) VolToPart[vol].pd    /* Get physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) VolToPart[vol].pt    /* Get partition index */
#else
#define LD2PD(vol) (BYTE)(vol)  /* Each logical drive is associated with the same physical drive number */
#define LD2PT(vol) 0            /* Find first valid partition or in SFD */
#endif
 
 
/* Definitions of sector size */
#if (FF_MAX_SS < FF_MIN_SS) || (FF_MAX_SS != 512 && FF_MAX_SS != 1024 && FF_MAX_SS != 2048 && FF_MAX_SS != 4096) || (FF_MIN_SS != 512 && FF_MIN_SS != 1024 && FF_MIN_SS != 2048 && FF_MIN_SS != 4096)
#error Wrong sector size configuration
#endif
#if FF_MAX_SS == FF_MIN_SS
#define SS(fs)  ((UINT)FF_MAX_SS)   /* Fixed sector size */
#else
#define SS(fs)  ((fs)->ssize)   /* Variable sector size */
#endif
 
 
/* Timestamp */
#if FF_FS_NORTC == 1
#if FF_NORTC_YEAR < 1980 || FF_NORTC_YEAR > 2107 || FF_NORTC_MON < 1 || FF_NORTC_MON > 12 || FF_NORTC_MDAY < 1 || FF_NORTC_MDAY > 31
#error Invalid FF_FS_NORTC settings
#endif
#define GET_FATTIME()   ((DWORD)(FF_NORTC_YEAR - 1980) << 25 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MON << 21 | (DWORD)FF_NORTC_MDAY << 16)
#else
#define GET_FATTIME()   get_fattime()
#endif
 
 
 
/* SBCS up-case tables (\x80-\xFF) */
#define TBL_CT437  {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT720  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT737  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x92,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87, \
                    0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0xAA,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0x97,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xE4,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF5,0xF0,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT771  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDC,0xDE,0xDE, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT775  {0x80,0x9A,0x91,0xA0,0x8E,0x95,0x8F,0x80,0xAD,0xED,0x8A,0x8A,0xA1,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0xA0,0xA1,0xE0,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xA5,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE3,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT850  {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x41,0x41, \
                    0x45,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x4F,0x55,0x4F,0x9C,0x4F,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0x41,0x41,0x41,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0x41,0x41,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD1,0xD1,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x49,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0x49,0xDF, \
                    0x4F,0xE1,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0x4F,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x59,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT852  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xDE,0x8F,0x80,0x9D,0xD3,0x8A,0x8A,0xD7,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x91,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9E,0xAC, \
                    0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA4,0xA4,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA8,0xAA,0x8D,0xAC,0xB8,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBD,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC6,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD2,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xB7,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE3,0xD5,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE9,0xE8,0xEB,0xED,0xED,0xDD,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xEB,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT855  {0x81,0x81,0x83,0x83,0x85,0x85,0x87,0x87,0x89,0x89,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8D,0x8F,0x8F, \
                    0x91,0x91,0x93,0x93,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x99,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9D,0x9F,0x9F, \
                    0xA1,0xA1,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA5,0xA7,0xA7,0xA9,0xA9,0xAB,0xAB,0xAD,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB6,0xB6,0xB8,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBE,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD1,0xD1,0xD3,0xD3,0xD5,0xD5,0xD7,0xD7,0xDD,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xE0,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE2,0xE2,0xE4,0xE4,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEC,0xEC,0xEE,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT857  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xB7,0x8F,0x80,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD8,0xD7,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0xE3,0xEA,0xEB,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9E, \
                    0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0x49,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xDE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT860  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x8F,0x8E,0x91,0x86,0x80,0x89,0x89,0x92,0x8B,0x8C,0x98,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x8C,0x99,0xA9,0x96,0x9D,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x86,0x8B,0x9F,0x96,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT861  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x8D,0x55,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT862  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT863  {0x43,0x55,0x45,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x86,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x8D,0x41,0x8F, \
                    0x45,0x45,0x45,0x4F,0x45,0x49,0x55,0x55,0x98,0x4F,0x55,0x9B,0x9C,0x55,0x55,0x9F, \
                    0xA0,0xA1,0x4F,0x55,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0x49,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT864  {0x80,0x9A,0x45,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT865  {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT866  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
                    0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
#define TBL_CT869  {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
                    0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x86,0x9C,0x8D,0x8F,0x90, \
                    0x91,0x90,0x92,0x95,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF, \
                    0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
                    0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF, \
                    0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xA7,0xA8,0xDF, \
                    0xA9,0xAA,0xAC,0xAD,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xCF,0xCF,0xD0,0xEF, \
                    0xF0,0xF1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xF5,0xD4,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xD5,0x96,0x95,0x98,0xFE,0xFF}
 
 
/* DBCS code range |----- 1st byte -----|  |----------- 2nd byte -----------| */
/*                  <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>    <------>  */
#define TBL_DC932 {0x81, 0x9F, 0xE0, 0xFC, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00}
#define TBL_DC936 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0x80, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00}
#define TBL_DC949 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x41, 0x5A, 0x61, 0x7A, 0x81, 0xFE}
#define TBL_DC950 {0x81, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00, 0x40, 0x7E, 0xA1, 0xFE, 0x00, 0x00}
 
 
/* Macros for table definitions */
#define MERGE_2STR(a, b) a ## b
#define MKCVTBL(hd, cp) MERGE_2STR(hd, cp)
 
namespace fatfs {
 
 
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
   Module Private Work Area
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remark: Variables defined here without initial value shall be guaranteed
/  zero/null at start-up. If not, the linker option or start-up routine is
/  not compliance with C standard. */
 
/*--------------------------------*/
/* Code conversion tables         */
/*--------------------------------*/
 
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0   /* Run-time code page configuration */
#define CODEPAGE CodePage
static WORD CodePage;   /* Current code page */
static const BYTE* ExCvt;   /* Ptr to SBCS up-case table Ct???[] (null:not used) */
static const BYTE* DbcTbl;  /* Ptr to DBCS code range table Dc???[] (null:not used) */
 
static const BYTE Ct437[] = TBL_CT437;
static const BYTE Ct720[] = TBL_CT720;
static const BYTE Ct737[] = TBL_CT737;
static const BYTE Ct771[] = TBL_CT771;
static const BYTE Ct775[] = TBL_CT775;
static const BYTE Ct850[] = TBL_CT850;
static const BYTE Ct852[] = TBL_CT852;
static const BYTE Ct855[] = TBL_CT855;
static const BYTE Ct857[] = TBL_CT857;
static const BYTE Ct860[] = TBL_CT860;
static const BYTE Ct861[] = TBL_CT861;
static const BYTE Ct862[] = TBL_CT862;
static const BYTE Ct863[] = TBL_CT863;
static const BYTE Ct864[] = TBL_CT864;
static const BYTE Ct865[] = TBL_CT865;
static const BYTE Ct866[] = TBL_CT866;
static const BYTE Ct869[] = TBL_CT869;
static const BYTE Dc932[] = TBL_DC932;
static const BYTE Dc936[] = TBL_DC936;
static const BYTE Dc949[] = TBL_DC949;
static const BYTE Dc950[] = TBL_DC950;
 
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900    /* Static code page configuration (SBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE ExCvt[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_CT, FF_CODE_PAGE);
 
#else                   /* Static code page configuration (DBCS) */
#define CODEPAGE FF_CODE_PAGE
static const BYTE DbcTbl[] = MKCVTBL(TBL_DC, FF_CODE_PAGE);
 
#endif
 
 
 
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
   Module Private Functions
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load/Store multi-byte word in the FAT structure                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static WORD ld_word (const BYTE* ptr)   /*   Load a 2-byte little-endian word */
{
    WORD rv;
 
    rv = ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
 
static DWORD ld_dword (const BYTE* ptr) /* Load a 4-byte little-endian word */
{
    DWORD rv;
 
    rv = ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static QWORD ld_qword (const BYTE* ptr) /* Load an 8-byte little-endian word */
{
    QWORD rv;
 
    rv = ptr[7];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[6];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[5];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[4];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[3];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[2];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[1];
    rv = rv << 8 | ptr[0];
    return rv;
}
#endif
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_word (BYTE* ptr, WORD val)   /* Store a 2-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
 
static void st_dword (BYTE* ptr, DWORD val) /* Store a 4-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
static void st_qword (BYTE* ptr, QWORD val) /* Store an 8-byte word in little-endian */
{
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val; val >>= 8;
    *ptr++ = (BYTE)val;
}
#endif
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* String functions                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
/* Copy memory to memory */
static void mem_cpy (void* dst, const void* src, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *d = (BYTE*)dst;
    const BYTE *s = (const BYTE*)src;
 
    if (cnt != 0) {
        do {
            *d++ = *s++;
        } while (--cnt);
    }
}
 
 
/* Fill memory block */
static void mem_set (void* dst, int val, UINT cnt)
{
    BYTE *d = (BYTE*)dst;
 
    do {
        *d++ = (BYTE)val;
    } while (--cnt);
}
 
 
/* Compare memory block */
static int mem_cmp (const void* dst, const void* src, UINT cnt) /* ZR:same, NZ:different */
{
    const BYTE *d = (const BYTE *)dst, *s = (const BYTE *)src;
    int r = 0;
 
    do {
        r = *d++ - *s++;
    } while (--cnt && r == 0);
 
    return r;
}
 
 
/* Check if chr is contained in the string */
static int chk_chr (const char* str, int chr)   /* NZ:contained, ZR:not contained */
{
    while (*str && *str != chr) str++;
    return *str;
}
 
 
/* Test if the byte is DBC 1st byte */
static int dbc_1st (BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0       /* Variable code page */
    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) return 1;                   /* 1st byte range 1 */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) return 1; /* 1st byte range 2 */
    }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900   /* DBCS fixed code page */
    if (c >= DbcTbl[0]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[1]) return 1;
        if (c >= DbcTbl[2] && c <= DbcTbl[3]) return 1;
    }
#else                       /* SBCS fixed code page */
    if (c != 0) return 0;   /* Always false */
#endif
    return 0;
}
 
 
/* Test if the byte is DBC 2nd byte */
static int dbc_2nd (BYTE c)
{
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0       /* Variable code page */
    if (DbcTbl && c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) return 1;                   /* 2nd byte range 1 */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) return 1; /* 2nd byte range 2 */
        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) return 1; /* 2nd byte range 3 */
    }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900   /* DBCS fixed code page */
    if (c >= DbcTbl[4]) {
        if (c <= DbcTbl[5]) return 1;
        if (c >= DbcTbl[6] && c <= DbcTbl[7]) return 1;
        if (c >= DbcTbl[8] && c <= DbcTbl[9]) return 1;
    }
#else                       /* SBCS fixed code page */
    if (c != 0) return 0;   /* Always false */
#endif
    return 0;
}
 
 
#if FF_USE_LFN
 
/* Get a Unicode code point from the TCHAR string in defined API encodeing */
static DWORD tchar2uni (    /* Returns a character in UTF-16 encoding (>=0x10000 on surrogate pair, 0xFFFFFFFF on decode error) */
    const TCHAR** str       /* Pointer to pointer to TCHAR string in configured encoding */
)
{
    DWORD uc;
    const TCHAR *p = *str;
 
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1     /* UTF-16 input */
    WCHAR wc;
 
    uc = *p++;  /* Get a unit */
    if (IsSurrogate(uc)) {  /* Surrogate? */
        wc = *p++;      /* Get low surrogate */
        if (!IsSurrogateH(uc) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) return 0xFFFFFFFF;  /* Wrong surrogate? */
        uc = uc << 16 | wc;
    }
 
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2   /* UTF-8 input */
    BYTE b;
    int nf;
 
    uc = (BYTE)*p++;    /* Get an encoding unit */
    if (uc & 0x80) {    /* Multiple byte code? */
        if ((uc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {  /* 2-byte sequence? */
            uc &= 0x1F; nf = 1;
        } else {
            if ((uc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {  /* 3-byte sequence? */
                uc &= 0x0F; nf = 2;
            } else {
                if ((uc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {  /* 4-byte sequence? */
                    uc &= 0x07; nf = 3;
                } else {                    /* Wrong sequence */
                    return 0xFFFFFFFF;
                }
            }
        }
        do {    /* Get trailing bytes */
            b = (BYTE)*p++;
            if ((b & 0xC0) != 0x80) return 0xFFFFFFFF;  /* Wrong sequence? */
            uc = uc << 6 | (b & 0x3F);
        } while (--nf != 0);
        if (uc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(uc) || uc >= 0x110000) return 0xFFFFFFFF;  /* Wrong code? */
        if (uc >= 0x010000) uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
    }
 
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3   /* UTF-32 input */
    uc = (TCHAR)*p++;   /* Get a unit */
    if (uc >= 0x110000 || IsSurrogate(uc)) return 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Wrong code? */
    if (uc >= 0x010000) uc = 0xD800DC00 | ((uc - 0x10000) << 6 & 0x3FF0000) | (uc & 0x3FF); /* Make a surrogate pair if needed */
 
#else       /* ANSI/OEM input */
    BYTE b;
    WCHAR wc;
 
    wc = (BYTE)*p++;            /* Get a byte */
    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {    /* Is it a DBC 1st byte? */
        b = (BYTE)*p++;         /* Get 2nd byte */
        if (!dbc_2nd(b)) return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalid code? */
        wc = (wc << 8) + b;     /* Make a DBC */
    }
    if (wc != 0) {
        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);  /* ANSI/OEM ==> Unicode */
        if (wc == 0) return 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Invalid code? */
    }
    uc = wc;
 
#endif
    *str = p;   /* Next read pointer */
    return uc;
}
 
 
/* Output a TCHAR string in defined API encoding */
static BYTE put_utf (   /* Returns number of encoding units written (0:buffer overflow or wrong encoding) */
    DWORD chr,  /* UTF-16 encoded character (Surrogate pair if >=0x10000) */
    TCHAR* buf, /* Output buffer */
    UINT szb    /* Size of the buffer */
)
{
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 /* UTF-16 output */
    WCHAR hs, wc;
 
    hs = (WCHAR)(chr >> 16);
    wc = (WCHAR)chr;
    if (hs == 0) {  /* Single encoding unit? */
        if (szb < 1 || IsSurrogate(wc)) return 0;   /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        *buf = wc;
        return 1;
    }
    if (szb < 2 || !IsSurrogateH(hs) || !IsSurrogateL(wc)) return 0;    /* Buffer overflow or wrong surrogate? */
    *buf++ = hs;
    *buf++ = wc;
    return 2;
 
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2   /* UTF-8 output */
    DWORD hc;
 
    if (chr < 0x80) {   /* Single byte code? */
        if (szb < 1) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
        *buf = (TCHAR)chr;
        return 1;
    }
    if (chr < 0x800) {  /* 2-byte sequence? */
        if (szb < 2) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (chr >> 6 & 0x1F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 2;
    }
    if (chr < 0x10000) {    /* 3-byte sequence? */
        if (szb < 3 || IsSurrogate(chr)) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow or wrong code? */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (chr >> 12 & 0x0F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
        return 3;
    }
    /* 4-byte sequence */
    if (szb < 4) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
    hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6;    /* Get high 10 bits */
    chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;                  /* Get low 10 bits */
    if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) return 0;   /* Wrong surrogate? */
    chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (chr >> 18 & 0x07));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 12 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 6 & 0x3F));
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (chr >> 0 & 0x3F));
    return 4;
 
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3   /* UTF-32 output */
    DWORD hc;
 
    if (szb < 1) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
    if (chr >= 0x10000) {   /* Out of BMP? */
        hc = ((chr & 0xFFFF0000) - 0xD8000000) >> 6;    /* Get high 10 bits */
        chr = (chr & 0xFFFF) - 0xDC00;                  /* Get low 10 bits */
        if (hc >= 0x100000 || chr >= 0x400) return 0;   /* Wrong surrogate? */
        chr = (hc | chr) + 0x10000;
    }
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)chr;
    return 1;
 
#else                       /* ANSI/OEM output */
    WCHAR wc;
 
    wc = ff_uni2oem(chr, CODEPAGE);
    if (wc >= 0x100) {  /* Is this a DBC? */
        if (szb < 2) return 0;
        *buf++ = (char)(wc >> 8);   /* Store DBC 1st byte */
        *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;         /* Store DBC 2nd byte */
        return 2;
    }
    if (wc == 0 || szb < 1) return 0;   /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
    *buf++ = (TCHAR)wc;                 /* Store the character */
    return 1;
#endif
}
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN */
 
 
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request/Release grant to access the volume                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static int lock_fs (        /* 1:Ok, 0:timeout */
    FATFS* fs       /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    return ff_req_grant(fs->sobj);
}
 
 
static void unlock_fs (
    FATFS* fs,      /* Filesystem object */
    FRESULT res     /* Result code to be returned */
)
{
    if (fs && res != FR_NOT_ENABLED && res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE && res != FR_TIMEOUT) {
        ff_rel_grant(fs->sobj);
    }
}
 
#endif
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* File lock control functions                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::chk_lock (  /* Check if the file can be accessed */
    DIR* dp,        /* Directory object pointing the file to be checked */
    int acc         /* Desired access type (0:Read mode open, 1:Write mode open, 2:Delete or rename) */
)
{
    UINT i, be;
 
    /* Search open object table for the object */
    be = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs) {  /* Existing entry */
            if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs &&        /* Check if the object matches with an open object */
                Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust &&
                Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) break;
        } else {            /* Blank entry */
            be = 1;
        }
    }
    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {  /* The object has not been opened */
        return (!be && acc != 2) ? FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES : FR_OK;  /* Is there a blank entry for new object? */
    }
 
    /* The object was opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
    return (acc != 0 || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
}
 
 
 int FatFs::enq_lock (void) /* Check if an entry is available for a new object */
{
    UINT i;
 
    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;
    return (i == FF_FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
}
 
 
 UINT FatFs::inc_lock ( /* Increment object open counter and returns its index (0:Internal error) */
    DIR* dp,    /* Directory object pointing the file to register or increment */
    int acc     /* Desired access (0:Read, 1:Write, 2:Delete/Rename) */
)
{
    UINT i;
 
 
    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {  /* Find the object */
        if (Files[i].fs == dp->obj.fs
         && Files[i].clu == dp->obj.sclust
         && Files[i].ofs == dp->dptr) break;
    }
 
    if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) {              /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
        for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;
        if (i == FF_FS_LOCK) return 0;  /* No free entry to register (int err) */
        Files[i].fs = dp->obj.fs;
        Files[i].clu = dp->obj.sclust;
        Files[i].ofs = dp->dptr;
        Files[i].ctr = 0;
    }
 
    if (acc >= 1 && Files[i].ctr) return 0; /* Access violation (int err) */
 
    Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1;  /* Set semaphore value */
 
    return i + 1;   /* Index number origin from 1 */
}
 
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dec_lock (  /* Decrement object open counter */
    UINT i          /* Semaphore index (1..) */
)
{
    WORD n;
    FRESULT res;
 
 
    if (--i < FF_FS_LOCK) { /* Index number origin from 0 */
        n = Files[i].ctr;
        if (n == 0x100) n = 0;      /* If write mode open, delete the entry */
        if (n > 0) n--;             /* Decrement read mode open count */
        Files[i].ctr = n;
        if (n == 0) Files[i].fs = 0;    /* Delete the entry if open count gets zero */
        res = FR_OK;
    } else {
        res = FR_INT_ERR;           /* Invalid index nunber */
    }
    return res;
}
 
 
 void FatFs::clear_lock (   /* Clear lock entries of the volume */
    FATFS *fs
)
{
    UINT i;
 
    for (i = 0; i < FF_FS_LOCK; i++) {
        if (Files[i].fs == fs) Files[i].fs = 0;
    }
}
 
#endif  /* FF_FS_LOCK != 0 */
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Move/Flush disk access window in the filesystem object                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
FRESULT FatFs::sync_window (    /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS* fs           /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
 
 
    if (fs->wflag) {    /* Is the disk access window dirty? */
        if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1) == RES_OK) {    /* Write it back into the volume */
            fs->wflag = 0;  /* Clear window dirty flag */
            if (fs->winsect - fs->fatbase < fs->fsize) {    /* Is it in the 1st FAT? */
                if (fs->n_fats == 2) p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect + fs->fsize, 1);   /* Reflect it to 2nd FAT if needed */
            }
        } else {
            res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
    }
    return res;
}
#endif
 
 
FRESULT FatFs::move_window (    /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS* fs,      /* Filesystem object */
    LBA_t sect      /* Sector LBA to make appearance in the fs->win[] */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
 
 
    if (sect != fs->winsect) {  /* Window offset changed? */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        res = sync_window(fs);      /* Flush the window */
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {         /* Fill sector window with new data */
            if (p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, fs->win, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                sect = (LBA_t)0 - 1;    /* Invalidate window if read data is not valid */
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            }
            fs->winsect = sect;
        }
    }
    return res;
}
 
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize filesystem and data on the storage                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::sync_fs (    /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS* fs       /* Filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
 
 
    res = sync_window(fs);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag == 1) { /* FAT32: Update FSInfo sector if needed */
            /* Create FSInfo structure */
            mem_set(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);
            st_word(fs->win + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clst);
            st_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clst);
            /* Write it into the FSInfo sector */
            fs->winsect = fs->volbase + 1;
            p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fs->win, fs->winsect, 1);
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
        }
        /* Make sure that no pending write process in the lower layer */
        if (p_io->disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
    }
 
    return res;
}
 
#endif
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get physical sector number from cluster number                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static LBA_t clst2sect (    /* !=0:Sector number, 0:Failed (invalid cluster#) */
    FATFS* fs,      /* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst      /* Cluster# to be converted */
)
{
    clst -= 2;      /* Cluster number is origin from 2 */
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) return 0;     /* Is it invalid cluster number? */
    return fs->database + (LBA_t)fs->csize * clst;  /* Start sector number of the cluster */
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Read value of a FAT entry                                */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 DWORD FatFs::get_fat (     /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, 2..0x7FFFFFFF:Cluster status */
    FFOBJID* obj,   /* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst      /* Cluster number to get the value */
)
{
    UINT wc, bc;
    DWORD val;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
 
 
    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
        val = 1;    /* Internal error */
 
    } else {
        val = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Default value falls on disk error */
 
        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12 :
            bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) break;
            wc = fs->win[bc++ % SS(fs)];        /* Get 1st byte of the entry */
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs))) != FR_OK) break;
            wc |= fs->win[bc % SS(fs)] << 8;    /* Merge 2nd byte of the entry */
            val = (clst & 1) ? (wc >> 4) : (wc & 0xFFF);    /* Adjust bit position */
            break;
 
        case FS_FAT16 :
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2))) != FR_OK) break;
            val = ld_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs));     /* Simple WORD array */
            break;
 
        case FS_FAT32 :
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) break;
            val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x0FFFFFFF;   /* Simple DWORD array but mask out upper 4 bits */
            break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT :
            if ((obj->objsize != 0 && obj->sclust != 0) || obj->stat == 0) {    /* Object except root dir must have valid data length */
                DWORD cofs = clst - obj->sclust;    /* Offset from start cluster */
                DWORD clen = (DWORD)((LBA_t)((obj->objsize - 1) / SS(fs)) / fs->csize); /* Number of clusters - 1 */
 
                if (obj->stat == 2 && cofs <= clen) {   /* Is it a contiguous chain? */
                    val = (cofs == clen) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : clst + 1;   /* No data on the FAT, generate the value */
                    break;
                }
                if (obj->stat == 3 && cofs < obj->n_cont) { /* Is it in the 1st fragment? */
                    val = clst + 1;     /* Generate the value */
                    break;
                }
                if (obj->stat != 2) {   /* Get value from FAT if FAT chain is valid */
                    if (obj->n_frag != 0) { /* Is it on the growing edge? */
                        val = 0x7FFFFFFF;   /* Generate EOC */
                    } else {
                        if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4))) != FR_OK) break;
                        val = ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0x7FFFFFFF;
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
            /* go to default */
#endif
        default:
            val = 1;    /* Internal error */
        }
    }
 
    return val;
}
 
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT access - Change value of a FAT entry                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::put_fat (    /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    FATFS* fs,      /* Corresponding filesystem object */
    DWORD clst,     /* FAT index number (cluster number) to be changed */
    DWORD val       /* New value to be set to the entry */
)
{
    UINT bc;
    BYTE *p;
    FRESULT res = FR_INT_ERR;
 
 
    if (clst >= 2 && clst < fs->n_fatent) { /* Check if in valid range */
        switch (fs->fs_type) {
        case FS_FAT12 :
            bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;  /* bc: byte offset of the entry */
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            p = fs->win + bc++ % SS(fs);
            *p = (clst & 1) ? ((*p & 0x0F) | ((BYTE)val << 4)) : (BYTE)val;     /* Update 1st byte */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            p = fs->win + bc % SS(fs);
            *p = (clst & 1) ? (BYTE)(val >> 4) : ((*p & 0xF0) | ((BYTE)(val >> 8) & 0x0F)); /* Update 2nd byte */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;
 
        case FS_FAT16 :
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 2)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            st_word(fs->win + clst * 2 % SS(fs), (WORD)val);    /* Simple WORD array */
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;
 
        case FS_FAT32 :
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        case FS_EXFAT :
#endif
            res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (clst / (SS(fs) / 4)));
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
                val = (val & 0x0FFFFFFF) | (ld_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs)) & 0xF0000000);
            }
            st_dword(fs->win + clst * 4 % SS(fs), val);
            fs->wflag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    return res;
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Accessing FAT and Allocation Bitmap                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
/*--------------------------------------*/
/* Find a contiguous free cluster block */
/*--------------------------------------*/
 
DWORD FatFs::find_bitmap (  /* 0:Not found, 2..:Cluster block found, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error */
    FATFS* fs,  /* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to scan from */
    DWORD ncl   /* Number of contiguous clusters to find (1..) */
)
{
    BYTE bm, bv;
    UINT i;
    DWORD val, scl, ctr;
 
 
    clst -= 2;  /* The first bit in the bitmap corresponds to cluster #2 */
    if (clst >= fs->n_fatent - 2) clst = 0;
    scl = val = clst; ctr = 0;
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, fs->bitbase + val / 8 / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        i = val / 8 % SS(fs); bm = 1 << (val % 8);
        do {
            do {
                bv = fs->win[i] & bm; bm <<= 1;     /* Get bit value */
                if (++val >= fs->n_fatent - 2) {    /* Next cluster (with wrap-around) */
                    val = 0; bm = 0; i = SS(fs);
                }
                if (bv == 0) {  /* Is it a free cluster? */
                    if (++ctr == ncl) return scl + 2;   /* Check if run length is sufficient for required */
                } else {
                    scl = val; ctr = 0;     /* Encountered a cluster in-use, restart to scan */
                }
                if (val == clst) return 0;  /* All cluster scanned? */
            } while (bm != 0);
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));
    }
}
 
 
/*----------------------------------------*/
/* Set/Clear a block of allocation bitmap */
/*----------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::change_bitmap (
    FATFS* fs,  /* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst, /* Cluster number to change from */
    DWORD ncl,  /* Number of clusters to be changed */
    int bv      /* bit value to be set (0 or 1) */
)
{
    BYTE bm;
    UINT i;
    LBA_t sect;
 
 
    clst -= 2;  /* The first bit corresponds to cluster #2 */
    sect = fs->bitbase + clst / 8 / SS(fs); /* Sector address */
    i = clst / 8 % SS(fs);                  /* Byte offset in the sector */
    bm = 1 << (clst % 8);                   /* Bit mask in the byte */
    for (;;) {
        if (move_window(fs, sect++) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
        do {
            do {
                if (bv == (int)((fs->win[i] & bm) != 0)) return FR_INT_ERR; /* Is the bit expected value? */
                fs->win[i] ^= bm;   /* Flip the bit */
                fs->wflag = 1;
                if (--ncl == 0) return FR_OK;   /* All bits processed? */
            } while (bm <<= 1);     /* Next bit */
            bm = 1;
        } while (++i < SS(fs));     /* Next byte */
        i = 0;
    }
}
 
 
/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the first fragment of the FAT chain    */
/*---------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::fill_first_frag (
    FFOBJID* obj    /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DWORD cl, n;
 
 
    if (obj->stat == 3) {   /* Has the object been changed 'fragmented' in this session? */
        for (cl = obj->sclust, n = obj->n_cont; n; cl++, n--) { /* Create cluster chain on the FAT */
            res = put_fat(obj->fs, cl, cl + 1);
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        }
        obj->stat = 0;  /* Change status 'FAT chain is valid' */
    }
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
/*---------------------------------------------*/
/* Fill the last fragment of the FAT chain     */
/*---------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::fill_last_frag (
    FFOBJID* obj,   /* Pointer to the corresponding object */
    DWORD lcl,      /* Last cluster of the fragment */
    DWORD term      /* Value to set the last FAT entry */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
 
 
    while (obj->n_frag > 0) {   /* Create the chain of last fragment */
        res = put_fat(obj->fs, lcl - obj->n_frag + 1, (obj->n_frag > 1) ? lcl - obj->n_frag + 2 : term);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        obj->n_frag--;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}
 
#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Remove a cluster chain                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::remove_chain (  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    FFOBJID* obj,       /* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst,         /* Cluster to remove a chain from */
    DWORD pclst         /* Previous cluster of clst (0 if entire chain) */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_OK;
    DWORD nxt;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
    DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst;
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
    LBA_t rt[2];
#endif
 
    if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Check if in valid range */
 
    /* Mark the previous cluster 'EOC' on the FAT if it exists */
    if (pclst != 0 && (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT || obj->stat != 2)) {
        res = put_fat(fs, pclst, 0xFFFFFFFF);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    }
 
    /* Remove the chain */
    do {
        nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);           /* Get cluster status */
        if (nxt == 0) break;                /* Empty cluster? */
        if (nxt == 1) return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Internal error? */
        if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;  /* Disk error? */
        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, 0);     /* Mark the cluster 'free' on the FAT */
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        }
        if (fs->free_clst < fs->n_fatent - 2) { /* Update FSINFO */
            fs->free_clst++;
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT || FF_USE_TRIM
        if (ecl + 1 == nxt) {   /* Is next cluster contiguous? */
            ecl = nxt;
        } else {                /* End of contiguous cluster block */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, ecl - scl + 1, 0); /* Mark the cluster block 'free' on the bitmap */
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
            }
#endif
#if FF_USE_TRIM
            rt[0] = clst2sect(fs, scl);                 /* Start of data area to be freed */
            rt[1] = clst2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1; /* End of data area to be freed */
            p_io->disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, rt);      /* Inform storage device that the data in the block may be erased */
#endif
            scl = ecl = nxt;
        }
#endif
        clst = nxt;                 /* Next cluster */
    } while (clst < fs->n_fatent);  /* Repeat while not the last link */
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    /* Some post processes for chain status */
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        if (pclst == 0) {   /* Has the entire chain been removed? */
            obj->stat = 0;      /* Change the chain status 'initial' */
        } else {
            if (obj->stat == 0) {   /* Is it a fragmented chain from the beginning of this session? */
                clst = obj->sclust;     /* Follow the chain to check if it gets contiguous */
                while (clst != pclst) {
                    nxt = get_fat(obj, clst);
                    if (nxt < 2) return FR_INT_ERR;
                    if (nxt == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                    if (nxt != clst + 1) break; /* Not contiguous? */
                    clst++;
                }
                if (clst == pclst) {    /* Has the chain got contiguous again? */
                    obj->stat = 2;      /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            } else {
                if (obj->stat == 3 && pclst >= obj->sclust && pclst <= obj->sclust + obj->n_cont) { /* Was the chain fragmented in this session and got contiguous again? */
                    obj->stat = 2;  /* Change the chain status 'contiguous' */
                }
            }
        }
    }
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Stretch a chain or Create a new chain                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 DWORD FatFs::create_chain (    /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, >=2:New cluster# */
    FFOBJID* obj,       /* Corresponding object */
    DWORD clst          /* Cluster# to stretch, 0:Create a new chain */
)
{
    DWORD cs, ncl, scl;
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = obj->fs;
 
 
    if (clst == 0) {    /* Create a new chain */
        scl = fs->last_clst;                /* Suggested cluster to start to find */
        if (scl == 0 || scl >= fs->n_fatent) scl = 1;
    }
    else {              /* Stretch a chain */
        cs = get_fat(obj, clst);            /* Check the cluster status */
        if (cs < 2) return 1;               /* Test for insanity */
        if (cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs;    /* Test for disk error */
        if (cs < fs->n_fatent) return cs;   /* It is already followed by next cluster */
        scl = clst;                         /* Cluster to start to find */
    }
    if (fs->free_clst == 0) return 0;       /* No free cluster */
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        ncl = find_bitmap(fs, scl, 1);              /* Find a free cluster */
        if (ncl == 0 || ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) return ncl;  /* No free cluster or hard error? */
        res = change_bitmap(fs, ncl, 1, 1);         /* Mark the cluster 'in use' */
        if (res == FR_INT_ERR) return 1;
        if (res == FR_DISK_ERR) return 0xFFFFFFFF;
        if (clst == 0) {                            /* Is it a new chain? */
            obj->stat = 2;                          /* Set status 'contiguous' */
        } else {                                    /* It is a stretched chain */
            if (obj->stat == 2 && ncl != scl + 1) { /* Is the chain got fragmented? */
                obj->n_cont = scl - obj->sclust;    /* Set size of the contiguous part */
                obj->stat = 3;                      /* Change status 'just fragmented' */
            }
        }
        if (obj->stat != 2) {   /* Is the file non-contiguous? */
            if (ncl == clst + 1) {  /* Is the cluster next to previous one? */
                obj->n_frag = obj->n_frag ? obj->n_frag + 1 : 2;    /* Increment size of last framgent */
            } else {                /* New fragment */
                if (obj->n_frag == 0) obj->n_frag = 1;
                res = fill_last_frag(obj, clst, ncl);   /* Fill last fragment on the FAT and link it to new one */
                if (res == FR_OK) obj->n_frag = 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {   /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        ncl = 0;
        if (scl == clst) {                      /* Stretching an existing chain? */
            ncl = scl + 1;                      /* Test if next cluster is free */
            if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) ncl = 2;
            cs = get_fat(obj, ncl);             /* Get next cluster status */
            if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs; /* Test for error */
            if (cs != 0) {                      /* Not free? */
                cs = fs->last_clst;             /* Start at suggested cluster if it is valid */
                if (cs >= 2 && cs < fs->n_fatent) scl = cs;
                ncl = 0;
            }
        }
        if (ncl == 0) { /* The new cluster cannot be contiguous and find another fragment */
            ncl = scl;  /* Start cluster */
            for (;;) {
                ncl++;                          /* Next cluster */
                if (ncl >= fs->n_fatent) {      /* Check wrap-around */
                    ncl = 2;
                    if (ncl > scl) return 0;    /* No free cluster found? */
                }
                cs = get_fat(obj, ncl);         /* Get the cluster status */
                if (cs == 0) break;             /* Found a free cluster? */
                if (cs == 1 || cs == 0xFFFFFFFF) return cs; /* Test for error */
                if (ncl == scl) return 0;       /* No free cluster found? */
            }
        }
        res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0xFFFFFFFF);     /* Mark the new cluster 'EOC' */
        if (res == FR_OK && clst != 0) {
            res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl);       /* Link it from the previous one if needed */
        }
    }
 
    if (res == FR_OK) {         /* Update FSINFO if function succeeded. */
        fs->last_clst = ncl;
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) fs->free_clst--;
        fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
    } else {
        ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1;    /* Failed. Generate error status */
    }
 
    return ncl;     /* Return new cluster number or error status */
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static DWORD clmt_clust (   /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
    FIL* fp,        /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs     /* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
)
{
    DWORD cl, ncl, *tbl;
    FATFS *fs = fp->obj.fs;
 
 
    tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;    /* Top of CLMT */
    cl = (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs) / fs->csize); /* Cluster order from top of the file */
    for (;;) {
        ncl = *tbl++;           /* Number of cluters in the fragment */
        if (ncl == 0) return 0; /* End of table? (error) */
        if (cl < ncl) break;    /* In this fragment? */
        cl -= ncl; tbl++;       /* Next fragment */
    }
    return cl + *tbl;   /* Return the cluster number */
}
 
#endif  /* FF_USE_FASTSEEK */
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Fill a cluster with zeros                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_clear ( /* Returns FR_OK or FR_DISK_ERR */
    FATFS *fs,      /* Filesystem object */
    DWORD clst      /* Directory table to clear */
)
{
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT n, szb;
    BYTE *ibuf;
 
 
    if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Flush disk access window */
    sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);     /* Top of the cluster */
    fs->winsect = sect;             /* Set window to top of the cluster */
    mem_set(fs->win, 0, sizeof fs->win);    /* Clear window buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3     /* Quick table clear by using multi-secter write */
    /* Allocate a temporary buffer */
    for (szb = ((DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs) >= MAX_MALLOC) ? MAX_MALLOC : fs->csize * SS(fs), ibuf = 0; szb > SS(fs) && (ibuf = ff_memalloc(szb)) == 0; szb /= 2) ;
    if (szb > SS(fs)) {     /* Buffer allocated? */
        mem_set(ibuf, 0, szb);
        szb /= SS(fs);      /* Bytes -> Sectors */
        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb) ; /* Fill the cluster with 0 */
        ff_memfree(ibuf);
    } else
#endif
    {
        ibuf = fs->win; szb = 1;    /* Use window buffer (many single-sector writes may take a time) */
        for (n = 0; n < fs->csize && p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, ibuf, sect + n, szb) == RES_OK; n += szb) ; /* Fill the cluster with 0 */
    }
    return (n == fs->csize) ? FR_OK : FR_DISK_ERR;
}
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Set directory index                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_sdi (   /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to directory object */
    DWORD ofs       /* Offset of directory table */
)
{
    DWORD csz, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
 
 
    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR) || ofs % SZDIRE) {  /* Check range of offset and alignment */
        return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;             /* Set current offset */
    clst = dp->obj.sclust;      /* Table start cluster (0:root) */
    if (clst == 0 && fs->fs_type >= FS_FAT32) { /* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# */
        clst = (DWORD)fs->dirbase;
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT) dp->obj.stat = 0;  /* exFAT: Root dir has an FAT chain */
    }
 
    if (clst == 0) {    /* Static table (root-directory on the FAT volume) */
        if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) return FR_INT_ERR;   /* Is index out of range? */
        dp->sect = fs->dirbase;
 
    } else {            /* Dynamic table (sub-directory or root-directory on the FAT32/exFAT volume) */
        csz = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);    /* Bytes per cluster */
        while (ofs >= csz) {                /* Follow cluster chain */
            clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, clst);             /* Get next cluster */
            if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
            if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Reached to end of table or internal error */
            ofs -= csz;
        }
        dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
    }
    dp->clust = clst;                   /* Current cluster# */
    if (dp->sect == 0) return FR_INT_ERR;
    dp->sect += ofs / SS(fs);           /* Sector# of the directory entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + (ofs % SS(fs)); /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */
 
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_next (  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:Could not stretch */
    DIR* dp,                /* Pointer to the directory object */
    int stretch             /* 0: Do not stretch table, 1: Stretch table if needed */
)
{
    DWORD ofs, clst;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
 
 
    ofs = dp->dptr + SZDIRE;    /* Next entry */
    if (ofs >= (DWORD)((FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? MAX_DIR_EX : MAX_DIR)) dp->sect = 0;  /* Disable it if the offset reached the max value */
    if (dp->sect == 0) return FR_NO_FILE;   /* Report EOT if it has been disabled */
 
    if (ofs % SS(fs) == 0) {    /* Sector changed? */
        dp->sect++;             /* Next sector */
 
        if (dp->clust == 0) {   /* Static table */
            if (ofs / SZDIRE >= fs->n_rootdir) {    /* Report EOT if it reached end of static table */
                dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
            }
        }
        else {                  /* Dynamic table */
            if ((ofs / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1)) == 0) {    /* Cluster changed? */
                clst = get_fat(&dp->obj, dp->clust);        /* Get next cluster */
                if (clst <= 1) return FR_INT_ERR;           /* Internal error */
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                if (clst >= fs->n_fatent) {                 /* It reached end of dynamic table */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (!stretch) {                             /* If no stretch, report EOT */
                        dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;
                    }
                    clst = create_chain(&dp->obj, dp->clust);   /* Allocate a cluster */
                    if (clst == 0) return FR_DENIED;            /* No free cluster */
                    if (clst == 1) return FR_INT_ERR;           /* Internal error */
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Disk error */
                    if (dir_clear(fs, clst) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Clean up the stretched table */
                    if (FF_FS_EXFAT) dp->obj.stat |= 4;         /* exFAT: The directory has been stretched */
#else
                    if (!stretch) dp->sect = 0;                 /* (this line is to suppress compiler warning) */
                    dp->sect = 0; return FR_NO_FILE;            /* Report EOT */
#endif
                }
                dp->clust = clst;       /* Initialize data for new cluster */
                dp->sect = clst2sect(fs, clst);
            }
        }
    }
    dp->dptr = ofs;                     /* Current entry */
    dp->dir = fs->win + ofs % SS(fs);   /* Pointer to the entry in the win[] */
 
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Reserve a block of directory entries             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_alloc ( /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp,                /* Pointer to the directory object */
    UINT nent               /* Number of contiguous entries to allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT n;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
 
 
    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        n = 0;
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if ((fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) ? (int)((dp->dir[XDIR_Type] & 0x80) == 0) : (int)(dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0)) {
#else
            if (dp->dir[DIR_Name] == DDEM || dp->dir[DIR_Name] == 0) {
#endif
                if (++n == nent) break; /* A block of contiguous free entries is found */
            } else {
                n = 0;                  /* Not a blank entry. Restart to search */
            }
            res = dir_next(dp, 1);
        } while (res == FR_OK); /* Next entry with table stretch enabled */
    }
 
    if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_DENIED; /* No directory entry to allocate */
    return res;
}
 
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT: Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static DWORD ld_clust ( /* Returns the top cluster value of the SFN entry */
    FATFS* fs,          /* Pointer to the fs object */
    const BYTE* dir     /* Pointer to the key entry */
)
{
    DWORD cl;
 
    cl = ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        cl |= (DWORD)ld_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
    }
 
    return cl;
}
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
static void st_clust (
    FATFS* fs,  /* Pointer to the fs object */
    BYTE* dir,  /* Pointer to the key entry */
    DWORD cl    /* Value to be set */
)
{
    st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusLO, (WORD)cl);
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32) {
        st_word(dir + DIR_FstClusHI, (WORD)(cl >> 16));
    }
}
#endif
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_LFN
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Compare a part of file name with an LFN entry */
/*--------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 int FatFs::cmp_lfn (       /* 1:matched, 0:not matched */
    const WCHAR* lfnbuf,    /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer to be compared */
    BYTE* dir               /* Pointer to the directory entry containing the part of LFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;
 
 
    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) return 0;   /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO */
 
    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x3F) - 1) * 13;  /* Offset in the LFN buffer */
 
    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {      /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);      /* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1 || ff_wtoupper(uc) != ff_wtoupper(lfnbuf[i++])) {   /* Compare it */
                return 0;                   /* Not matched */
            }
            wc = uc;
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) return 0;     /* Check filler */
        }
    }
 
    if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF) && wc && lfnbuf[i]) return 0;    /* Last segment matched but different length */
 
    return 1;       /* The part of LFN matched */
}
 
 
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Pick a part of file name from an LFN entry */
/*-----------------------------------------------------*/
 
 int FatFs::pick_lfn (  /* 1:succeeded, 0:buffer overflow or invalid LFN entry */
    WCHAR* lfnbuf,      /* Pointer to the LFN working buffer */
    BYTE* dir           /* Pointer to the LFN entry */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc, uc;
 
 
    if (ld_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO) != 0) return 0;   /* Check LDIR_FstClusLO is 0 */
 
    i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & ~LLEF) - 1) * 13; /* Offset in the LFN buffer */
 
    for (wc = 1, s = 0; s < 13; s++) {      /* Process all characters in the entry */
        uc = ld_word(dir + LfnOfs[s]);      /* Pick an LFN character */
        if (wc != 0) {
            if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
            lfnbuf[i++] = wc = uc;          /* Store it */
        } else {
            if (uc != 0xFFFF) return 0;     /* Check filler */
        }
    }
 
    if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLEF && wc != 0) {  /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part and not terminated */
        if (i >= FF_MAX_LFN + 1) return 0;  /* Buffer overflow? */
        lfnbuf[i] = 0;
    }
 
    return 1;       /* The part of LFN is valid */
}
#endif
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create an entry of LFN entries */
/*-----------------------------------------*/
 
 void FatFs::put_lfn (
    const WCHAR* lfn,   /* Pointer to the LFN */
    BYTE* dir,          /* Pointer to the LFN entry to be created */
    BYTE ord,           /* LFN order (1-20) */
    BYTE sum            /* Checksum of the corresponding SFN */
)
{
    UINT i, s;
    WCHAR wc;
 
 
    dir[LDIR_Chksum] = sum;         /* Set checksum */
    dir[LDIR_Attr] = AM_LFN;        /* Set attribute. LFN entry */
    dir[LDIR_Type] = 0;
    st_word(dir + LDIR_FstClusLO, 0);
 
    i = (ord - 1) * 13;             /* Get offset in the LFN working buffer */
    s = wc = 0;
    do {
        if (wc != 0xFFFF) wc = lfn[i++];    /* Get an effective character */
        st_word(dir + LfnOfs[s], wc);       /* Put it */
        if (wc == 0) wc = 0xFFFF;       /* Padding characters for following items */
    } while (++s < 13);
    if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfn[i]) ord |= LLEF;   /* Last LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
    dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord;            /* Set the LFN order */
}
 
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN */
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Create a Numbered SFN                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static void gen_numname (
    BYTE* dst,          /* Pointer to the buffer to store numbered SFN */
    const BYTE* src,    /* Pointer to SFN */
    const WCHAR* lfn,   /* Pointer to LFN */
    UINT seq            /* Sequence number */
)
{
    BYTE ns[8], c;
    UINT i, j;
    WCHAR wc;
    DWORD sreg;
 
 
    mem_cpy(dst, src, 11);
 
    if (seq > 5) {  /* In case of many collisions, generate a hash number instead of sequential number */
        sreg = seq;
        while (*lfn) {  /* Create a CRC as hash value */
            wc = *lfn++;
            for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
                sreg = (sreg << 1) + (wc & 1);
                wc >>= 1;
                if (sreg & 0x10000) sreg ^= 0x11021;
            }
        }
        seq = (UINT)sreg;
    }
 
    /* itoa (hexdecimal) */
    i = 7;
    do {
        c = (BYTE)((seq % 16) + '0');
        if (c > '9') c += 7;
        ns[i--] = c;
        seq /= 16;
    } while (seq);
    ns[i] = '~';
 
    /* Append the number to the SFN body */
    for (j = 0; j < i && dst[j] != ' '; j++) {
        if (dbc_1st(dst[j])) {
            if (j == i - 1) break;
            j++;
        }
    }
    do {
        dst[j++] = (i < 8) ? ns[i++] : ' ';
    } while (j < 8);
}
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN && !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_LFN
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* FAT-LFN: Calculate checksum of an SFN entry                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static BYTE sum_sfn (
    const BYTE* dir     /* Pointer to the SFN entry */
)
{
    BYTE sum = 0;
    UINT n = 11;
 
    do {
        sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++;
    } while (--n);
    return sum;
}
 
#endif  /* FF_USE_LFN */
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Checksum                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static WORD xdir_sum (  /* Get checksum of the directoly entry block */
    const BYTE* dir     /* Directory entry block to be calculated */
)
{
    UINT i, szblk;
    WORD sum;
 
 
    szblk = (dir[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;    /* Number of bytes of the entry block */
    for (i = sum = 0; i < szblk; i++) {
        if (i == XDIR_SetSum) { /* Skip 2-byte sum field */
            i++;
        } else {
            sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dir[i];
        }
    }
    return sum;
}
 
 
 
static WORD xname_sum ( /* Get check sum (to be used as hash) of the file name */
    const WCHAR* name   /* File name to be calculated */
)
{
    WCHAR chr;
    WORD sum = 0;
 
 
    while ((chr = *name++) != 0) {
        chr = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(chr);      /* File name needs to be up-case converted */
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr & 0xFF);
        sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x8000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + (chr >> 8);
    }
    return sum;
}
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
static DWORD xsum32 (   /* Returns 32-bit checksum */
    BYTE  dat,          /* Byte to be calculated (byte-by-byte processing) */
    DWORD sum           /* Previous sum value */
)
{
    sum = ((sum & 1) ? 0x80000000 : 0) + (sum >> 1) + dat;
    return sum;
}
#endif
 
 
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get object information from a directory block */
/*------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static void get_xfileinfo (
    BYTE* dirb,         /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Buffer to store the extracted file information */
)
{
    WCHAR wc, hs;
    UINT di, si, nc;
 
    /* Get file name from the entry block */
    si = SZDIRE * 2;    /* 1st C1 entry */
    nc = 0; hs = 0; di = 0;
    while (nc < dirb[XDIR_NumName]) {
        if (si >= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) { di = 0; break; }   /* Truncated directory block? */
        if ((si % SZDIRE) == 0) si += 2;        /* Skip entry type field */
        wc = ld_word(dirb + si); si += 2; nc++; /* Get a character */
        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {   /* Is it a surrogate? */
            hs = wc; continue;  /* Get low surrogate */
        }
        wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di);   /* Store it in API encoding */
        if (wc == 0) { di = 0; break; } /* Buffer overflow or wrong encoding? */
        di += wc;
        hs = 0;
    }
    if (hs != 0) di = 0;                    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
    if (di == 0) fno->fname[di++] = '?';    /* Inaccessible object name? */
    fno->fname[di] = 0;                     /* Terminate the name */
    fno->altname[0] = 0;                    /* exFAT does not support SFN */
 
    fno->fattrib = dirb[XDIR_Attr];         /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = (fno->fattrib & AM_DIR) ? 0 : ld_qword(dirb + XDIR_FileSize);  /* Size */
    fno->ftime = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 0);  /* Time */
    fno->fdate = ld_word(dirb + XDIR_ModTime + 2);  /* Date */
}
 
#endif  /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
 
 
/*-----------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Get a directry entry block */
/*-----------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::load_xdir (  /* FR_INT_ERR: invalid entry block */
    DIR* dp                 /* Reading direcotry object pointing top of the entry block to load */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT i, sz_ent;
    BYTE* dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;    /* Pointer to the on-memory direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */
 
 
    /* Load file-directory entry */
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILEDIR) return FR_INT_ERR;    /* Invalid order */
    mem_cpy(dirb + 0 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    sz_ent = (dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1) * SZDIRE;
    if (sz_ent < 3 * SZDIRE || sz_ent > 19 * SZDIRE) return FR_INT_ERR;
 
    /* Load stream-extension entry */
    res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;    /* It cannot be */
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
    if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_STREAM) return FR_INT_ERR; /* Invalid order */
    mem_cpy(dirb + 1 * SZDIRE, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    if (MAXDIRB(dirb[XDIR_NumName]) > sz_ent) return FR_INT_ERR;
 
    /* Load file-name entries */
    i = 2 * SZDIRE; /* Name offset to load */
    do {
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;    /* It cannot be */
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        if (dp->dir[XDIR_Type] != ET_FILENAME) return FR_INT_ERR;   /* Invalid order */
        if (i < MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) mem_cpy(dirb + i, dp->dir, SZDIRE);
    } while ((i += SZDIRE) < sz_ent);
 
    /* Sanity check (do it for only accessible object) */
    if (i <= MAXDIRB(FF_MAX_LFN)) {
        if (xdir_sum(dirb) != ld_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum)) return FR_INT_ERR;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Initialize object allocation info with loaded entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static void init_alloc_info (
    FATFS* fs,      /* Filesystem object */
    FFOBJID* obj    /* Object allocation information to be initialized */
)
{
    obj->sclust = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);      /* Start cluster */
    obj->objsize = ld_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);    /* Size */
    obj->stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;              /* Allocation status */
    obj->n_frag = 0;                                        /* No last fragment info */
}
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY || FF_FS_RPATH != 0
/*------------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Load the object's directory entry block */
/*------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::load_obj_xdir (
    DIR* dp,            /* Blank directory object to be used to access containing direcotry */
    const FFOBJID* obj  /* Object with its containing directory information */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
 
    /* Open object containing directory */
    dp->obj.fs = obj->fs;
    dp->obj.sclust = obj->c_scl;
    dp->obj.stat = (BYTE)obj->c_size;
    dp->obj.objsize = obj->c_size & 0xFFFFFF00;
    dp->obj.n_frag = 0;
    dp->blk_ofs = obj->c_ofs;
 
    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs); /* Goto object's entry block */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = load_xdir(dp);        /* Load the object's entry block */
    }
    return res;
}
#endif
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*----------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Store the directory entry block */
/*----------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::store_xdir (
    DIR* dp             /* Pointer to the direcotry object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    UINT nent;
    BYTE* dirb = dp->obj.fs->dirbuf;    /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block 85+C0+C1s */
 
    /* Create set sum */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_SetSum, xdir_sum(dirb));
    nent = dirb[XDIR_NumSec] + 1;
 
    /* Store the direcotry entry block to the directory */
    res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);
    while (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(dp->obj.fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
        mem_cpy(dp->dir, dirb, SZDIRE);
        dp->obj.fs->wflag = 1;
        if (--nent == 0) break;
        dirb += SZDIRE;
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);
    }
    return (res == FR_OK || res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? res : FR_INT_ERR;
}
 
 
 
/*-------------------------------------------*/
/* exFAT: Create a new directory enrty block */
/*-------------------------------------------*/
 
static void create_xdir (
    BYTE* dirb,         /* Pointer to the direcotry entry block buffer */
    const WCHAR* lfn    /* Pointer to the object name */
)
{
    UINT i;
    BYTE nc1, nlen;
    WCHAR wc;
 
 
    /* Create file-directory and stream-extension entry */
    mem_set(dirb, 0, 2 * SZDIRE);
    dirb[0 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_FILEDIR;
    dirb[1 * SZDIRE + XDIR_Type] = ET_STREAM;
 
    /* Create file-name entries */
    i = SZDIRE * 2; /* Top of file_name entries */
    nlen = nc1 = 0; wc = 1;
    do {
        dirb[i++] = ET_FILENAME; dirb[i++] = 0;
        do {    /* Fill name field */
            if (wc != 0 && (wc = lfn[nlen]) != 0) nlen++;   /* Get a character if exist */
            st_word(dirb + i, wc);      /* Store it */
            i += 2;
        } while (i % SZDIRE != 0);
        nc1++;
    } while (lfn[nlen]);    /* Fill next entry if any char follows */
 
    dirb[XDIR_NumName] = nlen;      /* Set name length */
    dirb[XDIR_NumSec] = 1 + nc1;    /* Set secondary count (C0 + C1s) */
    st_word(dirb + XDIR_NameHash, xname_sum(lfn));  /* Set name hash */
}
 
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_EXFAT
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read an object from the directory                                     */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
#define DIR_READ_FILE(dp) dir_read(dp, 0)
#define DIR_READ_LABEL(dp) dir_read(dp, 1)
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_read (
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to the directory object */
    int vol         /* Filtered by 0:file/directory or 1:volume label */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_NO_FILE;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE attr, b;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE ord = 0xFF, sum = 0xFF;
#endif
 
    while (dp->sect) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
        b = dp->dir[DIR_Name];  /* Test for the entry type */
        if (b == 0) {
            res = FR_NO_FILE; break; /* Reached to end of the directory */
        }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
            if (FF_USE_LABEL && vol) {
                if (b == ET_VLABEL) break;  /* Volume label entry? */
            } else {
                if (b == ET_FILEDIR) {      /* Start of the file entry block? */
                    dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Get location of the block */
                    res = load_xdir(dp);    /* Load the entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dp->obj.attr = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_MASK; /* Get attribute */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
        } else
#endif
        {   /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
            dp->obj.attr = attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;  /* Get attribute */
#if FF_USE_LFN      /* LFN configuration */
            if (b == DDEM || b == '.' || (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) != vol) {    /* An entry without valid data */
                ord = 0xFF;
            } else {
                if (attr == AM_LFN) {           /* An LFN entry is found */
                    if (b & LLEF) {         /* Is it start of an LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        b &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = b;
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr;
                    }
                    /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
                    ord = (b == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && pick_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                } else {                    /* An SFN entry is found */
                    if (ord != 0 || sum != sum_sfn(dp->dir)) {  /* Is there a valid LFN? */
                        dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;           /* It has no LFN. */
                    }
                    break;
                }
            }
#else       /* Non LFN configuration */
            if (b != DDEM && b != '.' && attr != AM_LFN && (int)((attr & ~AM_ARC) == AM_VOL) == vol) {  /* Is it a valid entry? */
                break;
            }
#endif
        }
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);      /* Next entry */
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
    }
 
    if (res != FR_OK) dp->sect = 0;     /* Terminate the read operation on error or EOT */
    return res;
}
 
#endif  /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_USE_LABEL || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Directory handling - Find an object in the directory                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_find (  /* FR_OK(0):succeeded, !=0:error */
    DIR* dp                 /* Pointer to the directory object with the file name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
    BYTE c;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE a, ord, sum;
#endif
 
    res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);           /* Rewind directory object */
    if (res != FR_OK) return res;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        BYTE nc;
        UINT di, ni;
        WORD hash = xname_sum(fs->lfnbuf);      /* Hash value of the name to find */
 
        while ((res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp)) == FR_OK) {    /* Read an item */
#if FF_MAX_LFN < 255
            if (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] > FF_MAX_LFN) continue;            /* Skip comparison if inaccessible object name */
#endif
            if (ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash) != hash) continue;  /* Skip comparison if hash mismatched */
            for (nc = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName], di = SZDIRE * 2, ni = 0; nc; nc--, di += 2, ni++) { /* Compare the name */
                if ((di % SZDIRE) == 0) di += 2;
                if (ff_wtoupper(ld_word(fs->dirbuf + di)) != ff_wtoupper(fs->lfnbuf[ni])) break;
            }
            if (nc == 0 && !fs->lfnbuf[ni]) break;  /* Name matched? */
        }
        return res;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    ord = sum = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF; /* Reset LFN sequence */
#endif
    do {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res != FR_OK) break;
        c = dp->dir[DIR_Name];
        if (c == 0) { res = FR_NO_FILE; break; }    /* Reached to end of table */
#if FF_USE_LFN      /* LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = a = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (c == DDEM || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {   /* An entry without valid data */
            ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Reset LFN sequence */
        } else {
            if (a == AM_LFN) {          /* An LFN entry is found */
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NOLFN)) {
                    if (c & LLEF) {     /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                        sum = dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum];
                        c &= (BYTE)~LLEF; ord = c;  /* LFN start order */
                        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr; /* Start offset of LFN */
                    }
                    /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
                    ord = (c == ord && sum == dp->dir[LDIR_Chksum] && cmp_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir)) ? ord - 1 : 0xFF;
                }
            } else {                    /* An SFN entry is found */
                if (ord == 0 && sum == sum_sfn(dp->dir)) break; /* LFN matched? */
                if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) break;    /* SFN matched? */
                ord = 0xFF; dp->blk_ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;   /* Reset LFN sequence */
            }
        }
#else       /* Non LFN configuration */
        dp->obj.attr = dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
        if (!(dp->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL) && !mem_cmp(dp->dir, dp->fn, 11)) break;  /* Is it a valid entry? */
#endif
        res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
    } while (res == FR_OK);
 
    return res;
}
 
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Register an object to the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_register (  /* FR_OK:succeeded, FR_DENIED:no free entry or too many SFN collision, FR_DISK_ERR:disk error */
    DIR* dp                     /* Target directory with object name to be created */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN      /* LFN configuration */
    UINT n, nlen, nent;
    BYTE sn[12], sum;
 
 
    if (dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Check name validity */
    for (nlen = 0; fs->lfnbuf[nlen]; nlen++) ;  /* Get lfn length */
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        nent = (nlen + 14) / 15 + 2;    /* Number of entries to allocate (85+C0+C1s) */
        res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);      /* Allocate directory entries */
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        dp->blk_ofs = dp->dptr - SZDIRE * (nent - 1);   /* Set the allocated entry block offset */
 
        if (dp->obj.stat & 4) {         /* Has the directory been stretched by new allocation? */
            dp->obj.stat &= ~4;
            res = fill_first_frag(&dp->obj);    /* Fill the first fragment on the FAT if needed */
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
            res = fill_last_frag(&dp->obj, dp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* Fill the last fragment on the FAT if needed */
            if (res != FR_OK) return res;
            if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {      /* Is it a sub-directory? */
                DIR dj;
 
                res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj); /* Load the object status */
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
                dp->obj.objsize += (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);           /* Increase the directory size by cluster size */
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, dp->obj.objsize);
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = dp->obj.stat | 1;           /* Update the allocation status */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);              /* Store the object status */
                if (res != FR_OK) return res;
            }
        }
 
        create_xdir(fs->dirbuf, fs->lfnbuf);    /* Create on-memory directory block to be written later */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
    mem_cpy(sn, dp->fn, 12);
    if (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LOSS) {         /* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NOLFN;      /* Find only SFN */
        for (n = 1; n < 100; n++) {
            gen_numname(dp->fn, sn, fs->lfnbuf, n); /* Generate a numbered name */
            res = dir_find(dp);             /* Check if the name collides with existing SFN */
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
        }
        if (n == 100) return FR_DENIED;     /* Abort if too many collisions */
        if (res != FR_NO_FILE) return res;  /* Abort if the result is other than 'not collided' */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = sn[NSFLAG];
    }
 
    /* Create an SFN with/without LFNs. */
    nent = (sn[NSFLAG] & NS_LFN) ? (nlen + 12) / 13 + 1 : 1;    /* Number of entries to allocate */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, nent);      /* Allocate entries */
    if (res == FR_OK && --nent) {   /* Set LFN entry if needed */
        res = dir_sdi(dp, dp->dptr - nent * SZDIRE);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            sum = sum_sfn(dp->fn);  /* Checksum value of the SFN tied to the LFN */
            do {                    /* Store LFN entries in bottom first */
                res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                put_lfn(fs->lfnbuf, dp->dir, (BYTE)nent, sum);
                fs->wflag = 1;
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
            } while (res == FR_OK && --nent);
        }
    }
 
#else   /* Non LFN configuration */
    res = dir_alloc(dp, 1);     /* Allocate an entry for SFN */
 
#endif
 
    /* Set SFN entry */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mem_set(dp->dir, 0, SZDIRE);    /* Clean the entry */
            mem_cpy(dp->dir + DIR_Name, dp->fn, 11);    /* Put SFN */
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dp->dir[DIR_NTres] = dp->fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT);   /* Put NT flag */
#endif
            fs->wflag = 1;
        }
    }
 
    return res;
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Remove an object from the directory                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::dir_remove (    /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_DISK_ERR:A disk error */
    DIR* dp                 /* Directory object pointing the entry to be removed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#if FF_USE_LFN      /* LFN configuration */
    DWORD last = dp->dptr;
 
    res = (dp->blk_ofs == 0xFFFFFFFF) ? FR_OK : dir_sdi(dp, dp->blk_ofs);   /* Goto top of the entry block if LFN is exist */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        do {
            res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {   /* On the exFAT volume */
                dp->dir[XDIR_Type] &= 0x7F; /* Clear the entry InUse flag. */
            } else {                                    /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
                dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;   /* Mark the entry 'deleted'. */
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            if (dp->dptr >= last) break;    /* If reached last entry then all entries of the object has been deleted. */
            res = dir_next(dp, 0);  /* Next entry */
        } while (res == FR_OK);
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;
    }
#else           /* Non LFN configuration */
 
    res = move_window(fs, dp->sect);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;   /* Mark the entry 'deleted'.*/
        fs->wflag = 1;
    }
#endif
 
    return res;
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get file information from directory entry                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static void get_fileinfo (
    DIR* dp,            /* Pointer to the directory object */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
)
{
    UINT si, di;
#if FF_USE_LFN
    BYTE lcf;
    WCHAR wc, hs;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
#else
    TCHAR c;
#endif
 
 
    fno->fname[0] = 0;          /* Invaidate file info */
    if (dp->sect == 0) return;  /* Exit if read pointer has reached end of directory */
 
#if FF_USE_LFN      /* LFN configuration */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        get_xfileinfo(fs->dirbuf, fno);
        return;
    } else
#endif
    {   /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        if (dp->blk_ofs != 0xFFFFFFFF) {    /* Get LFN if available */
            si = di = hs = 0;
            while (fs->lfnbuf[si] != 0) {
                wc = fs->lfnbuf[si++];      /* Get an LFN character (UTF-16) */
                if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {   /* Is it a surrogate? */
                    hs = wc; continue;      /* Get low surrogate */
                }
                wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &fno->fname[di], FF_LFN_BUF - di);   /* Store it in UTF-16 or UTF-8 encoding */
                if (wc == 0) { di = 0; break; } /* Invalid char or buffer overflow? */
                di += wc;
                hs = 0;
            }
            if (hs != 0) di = 0;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            fno->fname[di] = 0;     /* Terminate the LFN (null string means LFN is invalid) */
        }
    }
 
    si = di = 0;
    while (si < 11) {       /* Get SFN from SFN entry */
        wc = dp->dir[si++];         /* Get a char */
        if (wc == ' ') continue;    /* Skip padding spaces */
        if (wc == RDDEM) wc = DDEM; /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if (si == 9 && di < FF_SFN_BUF) fno->altname[di++] = '.';   /* Insert a . if extension is exist */
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1 /* Unicode output */
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si != 8 && si != 11 && dbc_2nd(dp->dir[si])) { /* Make a DBC if needed */
            wc = wc << 8 | dp->dir[si++];
        }
        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);      /* ANSI/OEM -> Unicode */
        if (wc == 0) { di = 0; break; }     /* Wrong char in the current code page? */
        wc = put_utf(wc, &fno->altname[di], FF_SFN_BUF - di);   /* Store it in Unicode */
        if (wc == 0) { di = 0; break; }     /* Buffer overflow? */
        di += wc;
#else                   /* ANSI/OEM output */
        fno->altname[di++] = (TCHAR)wc; /* Store it without any conversion */
#endif
    }
    fno->altname[di] = 0;   /* Terminate the SFN  (null string means SFN is invalid) */
 
    if (fno->fname[0] == 0) {   /* If LFN is invalid, altname[] needs to be copied to fname[] */
        if (di == 0) {  /* If LFN and SFN both are invalid, this object is inaccesible */
            fno->fname[di++] = '?';
        } else {
            for (si = di = 0, lcf = NS_BODY; fno->altname[si]; si++, di++) {    /* Copy altname[] to fname[] with case information */
                wc = (WCHAR)fno->altname[si];
                if (wc == '.') lcf = NS_EXT;
                if (IsUpper(wc) && (dp->dir[DIR_NTres] & lcf)) wc += 0x20;
                fno->fname[di] = (TCHAR)wc;
            }
        }
        fno->fname[di] = 0; /* Terminate the LFN */
        if (!dp->dir[DIR_NTres]) fno->altname[0] = 0;   /* Altname is not needed if neither LFN nor case info is exist. */
    }
 
#else   /* Non-LFN configuration */
    si = di = 0;
    while (si < 11) {       /* Copy name body and extension */
        c = (TCHAR)dp->dir[si++];
        if (c == ' ') continue;     /* Skip padding spaces */
        if (c == RDDEM) c = DDEM;   /* Restore replaced DDEM character */
        if (si == 9) fno->fname[di++] = '.';/* Insert a . if extension is exist */
        fno->fname[di++] = c;
    }
    fno->fname[di] = 0;
#endif
 
    fno->fattrib = dp->dir[DIR_Attr];                   /* Attribute */
    fno->fsize = ld_dword(dp->dir + DIR_FileSize);      /* Size */
    fno->ftime = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 0);    /* Time */
    fno->fdate = ld_word(dp->dir + DIR_ModTime + 2);    /* Date */
}
 
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 || FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pattern matching                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static DWORD get_achar (    /* Get a character and advances ptr */
    const TCHAR** ptr       /* Pointer to pointer to the ANSI/OEM or Unicode string */
)
{
    DWORD chr;
 
 
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1   /* Unicode input */
    chr = tchar2uni(ptr);
    if (chr == 0xFFFFFFFF) chr = 0;     /* Wrong UTF encoding is recognized as end of the string */
    chr = ff_wtoupper(chr);
 
#else                                   /* ANSI/OEM input */
    chr = (BYTE)*(*ptr)++;              /* Get a byte */
    if (IsLower(chr)) chr -= 0x20;      /* To upper ASCII char */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
    if (ExCvt && chr >= 0x80) chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80];  /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
    if (chr >= 0x80) chr = ExCvt[chr - 0x80];   /* To upper SBCS extended char */
#endif
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 || FF_CODE_PAGE >= 900
    if (dbc_1st((BYTE)chr)) {   /* Get DBC 2nd byte if needed */
        chr = dbc_2nd((BYTE)**ptr) ? chr << 8 | (BYTE)*(*ptr)++ : 0;
    }
#endif
 
#endif
    return chr;
}
 
 
static int pattern_matching (   /* 0:not matched, 1:matched */
    const TCHAR* pat,   /* Matching pattern */
    const TCHAR* nam,   /* String to be tested */
    int skip,           /* Number of pre-skip chars (number of ?s) */
    int inf             /* Infinite search (* specified) */
)
{
    const TCHAR *pp, *np;
    DWORD pc, nc;
    int nm, nx;
 
 
    while (skip--) {                /* Pre-skip name chars */
        if (!get_achar(&nam)) return 0; /* Branch mismatched if less name chars */
    }
    if (*pat == 0 && inf) return 1; /* (short circuit) */
 
    do {
        pp = pat; np = nam;         /* Top of pattern and name to match */
        for (;;) {
            if (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*') { /* Wildcard? */
                nm = nx = 0;
                do {                /* Analyze the wildcard block */
                    if (*pp++ == '?') nm++; else nx = 1;
                } while (*pp == '?' || *pp == '*');
                if (pattern_matching(pp, np, nm, nx)) return 1; /* Test new branch (recurs upto number of wildcard blocks in the pattern) */
                nc = *np; break;    /* Branch mismatched */
            }
            pc = get_achar(&pp);    /* Get a pattern char */
            nc = get_achar(&np);    /* Get a name char */
            if (pc != nc) break;    /* Branch mismatched? */
            if (pc == 0) return 1;  /* Branch matched? (matched at end of both strings) */
        }
        get_achar(&nam);            /* nam++ */
    } while (inf && nc);            /* Retry until end of name if infinite search is specified */
 
    return 0;
}
 
#endif /* FF_USE_FIND && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Pick a top segment and create the object name in directory form       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static FRESULT create_name (    /* FR_OK: successful, FR_INVALID_NAME: could not create */
    DIR* dp,                    /* Pointer to the directory object */
    const TCHAR** path          /* Pointer to pointer to the segment in the path string */
)
{
#if FF_USE_LFN      /* LFN configuration */
    BYTE b, cf;
    WCHAR wc, *lfn;
    DWORD uc;
    UINT i, ni, si, di;
    const TCHAR *p;
 
 
    /* Create LFN into LFN working buffer */
    p = *path; lfn = dp->obj.fs->lfnbuf; di = 0;
    for (;;) {
        uc = tchar2uni(&p);         /* Get a character */
        if (uc == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_INVALID_NAME;       /* Invalid code or UTF decode error */
        if (uc >= 0x10000) lfn[di++] = (WCHAR)(uc >> 16);   /* Store high surrogate if needed */
        wc = (WCHAR)uc;
        if (wc < ' ' || wc == '/' || wc == '\\') break; /* Break if end of the path or a separator is found */
        if (wc < 0x80 && chk_chr("\"*:<>\?|\x7F", wc)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Reject illegal characters for LFN */
        if (di >= FF_MAX_LFN) return FR_INVALID_NAME;   /* Reject too long name */
        lfn[di++] = wc;                 /* Store the Unicode character */
    }
    if (wc < ' ') {             /* End of path? */
        cf = NS_LAST;           /* Set last segment flag */
    } else {
        cf = 0;                 /* Next segment follows */
        while (*p == '/' || *p == '\\') p++;    /* Skip duplicated separators if exist */
    }
    *path = p;                  /* Return pointer to the next segment */
 
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if ((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') ||
        (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.')) {    /* Is this segment a dot name? */
        lfn[di] = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {      /* Create dot name for SFN entry */
            dp->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
        }
        dp->fn[i] = cf | NS_DOT;        /* This is a dot entry */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    while (di) {                        /* Snip off trailing spaces and dots if exist */
        wc = lfn[di - 1];
        if (wc != ' ' && wc != '.') break;
        di--;
    }
    lfn[di] = 0;                            /* LFN is created into the working buffer */
    if (di == 0) return FR_INVALID_NAME;    /* Reject null name */
 
    /* Create SFN in directory form */
    for (si = 0; lfn[si] == ' '; si++) ;    /* Remove leading spaces */
    if (si > 0 || lfn[si] == '.') cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;   /* Is there any leading space or dot? */
    while (di > 0 && lfn[di - 1] != '.') di--;  /* Find last dot (di<=si: no extension) */
 
    mem_set(dp->fn, ' ', 11);
    i = b = 0; ni = 8;
    for (;;) {
        wc = lfn[si++];                 /* Get an LFN character */
        if (wc == 0) break;             /* Break on end of the LFN */
        if (wc == ' ' || (wc == '.' && si != di)) { /* Remove embedded spaces and dots */
            cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
            continue;
        }
 
        if (i >= ni || si == di) {      /* End of field? */
            if (ni == 11) {             /* Name extension overflow? */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                break;
            }
            if (si != di) cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;   /* Name body overflow? */
            if (si > di) break;                     /* No name extension? */
            si = di; i = 8; ni = 11; b <<= 2;       /* Enter name extension */
            continue;
        }
 
        if (wc >= 0x80) {   /* Is this a non-ASCII character? */
            cf |= NS_LFN;   /* LFN entry needs to be created */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
            if (ExCvt) {    /* At SBCS */
                wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);          /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
                if (wc & 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F];   /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
            } else {        /* At DBCS */
                wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> Upper convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
            }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900    /* SBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);          /* Unicode ==> ANSI/OEM code */
            if (wc & 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc & 0x7F];   /* Convert extended character to upper (SBCS) */
#else                       /* DBCS cfg */
            wc = ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(wc), CODEPAGE); /* Unicode ==> Upper convert ==> ANSI/OEM code */
#endif
        }
 
        if (wc >= 0x100) {              /* Is this a DBC? */
            if (i >= ni - 1) {          /* Field overflow? */
                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;
                i = ni; continue;       /* Next field */
            }
            dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);  /* Put 1st byte */
        } else {                        /* SBC */
            if (wc == 0 || chk_chr("+,;=[]", wc)) { /* Replace illegal characters for SFN if needed */
                wc = '_'; cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;/* Lossy conversion */
            } else {
                if (IsUpper(wc)) {      /* ASCII upper case? */
                    b |= 2;
                }
                if (IsLower(wc)) {      /* ASCII lower case? */
                    b |= 1; wc -= 0x20;
                }
            }
        }
        dp->fn[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
    }
 
    if (dp->fn[0] == DDEM) dp->fn[0] = RDDEM;   /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
 
    if (ni == 8) b <<= 2;               /* Shift capital flags if no extension */
    if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03) cf |= NS_LFN; /* LFN entry needs to be created if composite capitals */
    if (!(cf & NS_LFN)) {               /* When LFN is in 8.3 format without extended character, NT flags are created */
        if (b & 0x01) cf |= NS_EXT;     /* NT flag (Extension has small capital letters only) */
        if (b & 0x04) cf |= NS_BODY;    /* NT flag (Body has small capital letters only) */
    }
 
    dp->fn[NSFLAG] = cf;    /* SFN is created into dp->fn[] */
 
    return FR_OK;
 
 
#else   /* FF_USE_LFN : Non-LFN configuration */
    BYTE c, d, *sfn;
    UINT ni, si, i;
    const char *p;
 
    /* Create file name in directory form */
    p = *path; sfn = dp->fn;
    mem_set(sfn, ' ', 11);
    si = i = 0; ni = 8;
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (p[si] == '.') { /* Is this a dot entry? */
        for (;;) {
            c = (BYTE)p[si++];
            if (c != '.' || si >= 3) break;
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
        if (c != '/' && c != '\\' && c > ' ') return FR_INVALID_NAME;
        *path = p + si;                             /* Return pointer to the next segment */
        sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST | NS_DOT : NS_DOT;   /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
        return FR_OK;
    }
#endif
    for (;;) {
        c = (BYTE)p[si++];              /* Get a byte */
        if (c <= ' ') break;            /* Break if end of the path name */
        if (c == '/' || c == '\\') {    /* Break if a separator is found */
            while (p[si] == '/' || p[si] == '\\') si++; /* Skip duplicated separator if exist */
            break;
        }
        if (c == '.' || i >= ni) {      /* End of body or field overflow? */
            if (ni == 11 || c != '.') return FR_INVALID_NAME;   /* Field overflow or invalid dot? */
            i = 8; ni = 11;             /* Enter file extension field */
            continue;
        }
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
        if (ExCvt && c >= 0x80) {       /* Is SBC extended character? */
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F];        /* To upper SBC extended character */
        }
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
        if (c >= 0x80) {                /* Is SBC extended character? */
            c = ExCvt[c & 0x7F];        /* To upper SBC extended character */
        }
#endif
        if (dbc_1st(c)) {               /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte */
            d = (BYTE)p[si++];          /* Get 2nd byte */
            if (!dbc_2nd(d) || i >= ni - 1) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid DBC */
            sfn[i++] = c;
            sfn[i++] = d;
        } else {                        /* SBC */
            if (chk_chr("\"*+,:;<=>\?[]|\x7F", c)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
            if (IsLower(c)) c -= 0x20;  /* To upper */
            sfn[i++] = c;
        }
    }
    *path = p + si;                     /* Return pointer to the next segment */
    if (i == 0) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject nul string */
 
    if (sfn[0] == DDEM) sfn[0] = RDDEM; /* If the first character collides with DDEM, replace it with RDDEM */
    sfn[NSFLAG] = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0;     /* Set last segment flag if end of the path */
 
    return FR_OK;
#endif /* FF_USE_LFN */
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Follow a file path                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::follow_path (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
    DIR* dp,                    /* Directory object to return last directory and found object */
    const TCHAR* path           /* Full-path string to find a file or directory */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    BYTE ns;
    FATFS *fs = dp->obj.fs;
 
 
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (*path != '/' && *path != '\\') {    /* Without heading separator */
        dp->obj.sclust = fs->cdir;              /* Start from current directory */
    } else
#endif
    {                                       /* With heading separator */
        while (*path == '/' || *path == '\\') path++;   /* Strip heading separator */
        dp->obj.sclust = 0;                 /* Start from root directory */
    }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    dp->obj.n_frag = 0; /* Invalidate last fragment counter of the object */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT && dp->obj.sclust) {    /* exFAT: Retrieve the sub-directory's status */
        DIR dj;
 
        dp->obj.c_scl = fs->cdc_scl;
        dp->obj.c_size = fs->cdc_size;
        dp->obj.c_ofs = fs->cdc_ofs;
        res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &dp->obj);
        if (res != FR_OK) return res;
        dp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize);
        dp->obj.stat = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] & 2;
    }
#endif
#endif
 
    if ((UINT)*path < ' ') {                /* Null path name is the origin directory itself */
        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
        res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);
 
    } else {                                /* Follow path */
        for (;;) {
            res = create_name(dp, &path);   /* Get a segment name of the path */
            if (res != FR_OK) break;
            res = dir_find(dp);             /* Find an object with the segment name */
            ns = dp->fn[NSFLAG];
            if (res != FR_OK) {             /* Failed to find the object */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {    /* Object is not found */
                    if (FF_FS_RPATH && (ns & NS_DOT)) { /* If dot entry is not exist, stay there */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) continue;  /* Continue to follow if not last segment */
                        dp->fn[NSFLAG] = NS_NONAME;
                        res = FR_OK;
                    } else {                            /* Could not find the object */
                        if (!(ns & NS_LAST)) res = FR_NO_PATH;  /* Adjust error code if not last segment */
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
            if (ns & NS_LAST) break;            /* Last segment matched. Function completed. */
            /* Get into the sub-directory */
            if (!(dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR)) {     /* It is not a sub-directory and cannot follow */
                res = FR_NO_PATH; break;
            }
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {      /* Save containing directory information for next dir */
                dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust;
                dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj);  /* Open next directory */
            } else
#endif
            {
                dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, fs->win + dp->dptr % SS(fs)); /* Open next directory */
            }
        }
    }
 
    return res;
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get logical drive number from path name                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
static int get_ldnumber (   /* Returns logical drive number (-1:invalid drive number or null pointer) */
    const TCHAR** path      /* Pointer to pointer to the path name */
)
{
    const TCHAR *tp, *tt;
    TCHAR tc;
    int i, vol = -1;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID        /* Find string volume ID */
    const char *sp;
    char c;
#endif
 
    tt = tp = *path;
    if (!tp) return vol;    /* Invalid path name? */
    do tc = *tt++; while ((UINT)tc >= (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!') && tc != ':');   /* Find a colon in the path */
 
    if (tc == ':') {    /* DOS/Windows style volume ID? */
        i = FF_VOLUMES;
        if (IsDigit(*tp) && tp + 2 == tt) { /* Is there a numeric volume ID + colon? */
            i = (int)*tp - '0'; /* Get the LD number */
        }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1   /* Arbitrary string is enabled */
        else {
            i = 0;
            do {
                sp = VolumeStr[i]; tp = *path;  /* This string volume ID and path name */
                do {    /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                    c = *sp++; tc = *tp++;
                    if (IsLower(c)) c -= 0x20;
                    if (IsLower(tc)) tc -= 0x20;
                } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
            } while ((c || tp != tt) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES);  /* Repeat for each id until pattern match */
        }
#endif
        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) {   /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
            vol = i;        /* Drive number */
            *path = tt;     /* Snip the drive prefix off */
        }
        return vol;
    }
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2       /* Unix style volume ID is enabled */
    if (*tp == '/') {
        i = 0;
        do {
            sp = VolumeStr[i]; tp = *path;  /* This string volume ID and path name */
            do {    /* Compare the volume ID with path name */
                c = *sp++; tc = *(++tp);
                if (IsLower(c)) c -= 0x20;
                if (IsLower(tc)) tc -= 0x20;
            } while (c && (TCHAR)c == tc);
        } while ((c || (tc != '/' && (UINT)tc >= (FF_USE_LFN ? ' ' : '!'))) && ++i < FF_VOLUMES);   /* Repeat for each ID until pattern match */
        if (i < FF_VOLUMES) {   /* If a volume ID is found, get the drive number and strip it */
            vol = i;        /* Drive number */
            *path = tp;     /* Snip the drive prefix off */
            return vol;
        }
    }
#endif
    /* No drive prefix is found */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    vol = CurrVol;  /* Default drive is current drive */
#else
    vol = 0;        /* Default drive is 0 */
#endif
    return vol;     /* Return the default drive */
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* GPT support functions                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
#if FF_LBA64
 
/* Calculate CRC32 in byte-by-byte */
 
static DWORD crc32 (    /* Returns next CRC value */
    DWORD crc,          /* Current CRC value */
    BYTE d              /* A byte to be processed */
)
{
    BYTE b;
 
 
    for (b = 1; b; b <<= 1) {
        crc ^= (d & b) ? 1 : 0;
        crc = (crc & 1) ? crc >> 1 ^ 0xEDB88320 : crc >> 1;
    }
    return crc;
}
 
 
/* Check validity of GPT header */
 
static int test_gpt_header (    /* 0:Invalid, 1:Valid */
    const BYTE* gpth            /* Pointer to the GPT header */
)
{
    UINT i;
    DWORD bcc;
 
 
    if (mem_cmp(gpth + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART" "\0\0\1\0" "\x5C\0\0", 16)) return 0;  /* Check sign, version (1.0) and length (92) */
    for (i = 0, bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; i++) {        /* Check header BCC */
        bcc = crc32(bcc, i - GPTH_Bcc < 4 ? 0 : gpth[i]);
    }
    if (~bcc != ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_Bcc)) return 0;
    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PteSize) != SZ_GPTE) return 0; /* Table entry size (must be SZ_GPTE bytes) */
    if (ld_dword(gpth + GPTH_PtNum) > 128) return 0;    /* Table size (must be 128 entries or less) */
 
    return 1;
}
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
 
/* Generate random value */
static DWORD make_rand (
    DWORD seed,     /* Seed value */
    BYTE* buff,     /* Output buffer */
    UINT n          /* Data length */
)
{
    UINT r;
 
 
    if (seed == 0) seed = 1;
    do {
        for (r = 0; r < 8; r++) seed = seed & 1 ? seed >> 1 ^ 0xA3000000 : seed >> 1;   /* Shift 8 bits the 32-bit LFSR */
        *buff++ = (BYTE)seed;
    } while (--n);
    return seed;
}
 
#endif
#endif
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT VBR                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
/* Check what the sector is */
 
 UINT FatFs::check_fs ( /* 0:FAT VBR, 1:exFAT VBR, 2:Valid BS but not FAT, 3:Invalid BS, 4:Disk error */
    FATFS* fs,          /* Filesystem object */
    LBA_t sect          /* Sector to load and check if it is an FAT-VBR or not */
)
{
    fs->wflag = 0; fs->winsect = (LBA_t)0 - 1;      /* Invaidate window */
    if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) return 4;   /* Load the boot sector */
 
    if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) return 3; /* Check boot signature (always here regardless of the sector size) */
 
    if (FF_FS_EXFAT && !mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11)) return 1; /* Check if exFAT VBR */
 
    if (fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE9 || fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xEB || fs->win[BS_JmpBoot] == 0xE8) {    /* Valid JumpBoot code? */
        if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType, "FAT", 3)) return 0;      /* Is it an FAT VBR? */
        if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + BS_FilSysType32, "FAT32", 5)) return 0;  /* Is it an FAT32 VBR? */
    }
    return 2;   /* Valid BS but not FAT */
}
 
 
/* Find an FAT volume */
/* (It supports only generic partitioning rules, MBR, GPT and SFD) */
 
 UINT FatFs::find_volume (  /* Returns BS status found in the hosting drive */
    FATFS* fs,      /* Filesystem object */
    UINT part       /* Partition to fined = 0:auto, 1..:forced */
)
{
    UINT fmt, i;
    DWORD mbr_pt[4];
 
 
    fmt = check_fs(fs, 0);              /* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT VBR as SFD */
    if (fmt != 2 && (fmt >= 3 || part == 0)) return fmt;    /* Returns if it is a FAT VBR as auto scan, not a BS or disk error */
 
    /* Sector 0 is not an FAT VBR or forced partition number wants a partition */
 
#if FF_LBA64
    if (fs->win[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) {  /* GPT protective MBR? */
        DWORD n_ent, v_ent, ofs;
        QWORD pt_lba;
 
        if (move_window(fs, 1) != FR_OK) return 4;  /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
        if (!test_gpt_header(fs->win)) return 3;    /* Check if GPT header is valid */
        n_ent = ld_dword(fs->win + GPTH_PtNum);     /* Number of entries */
        pt_lba = ld_qword(fs->win + GPTH_PtOfs);    /* Table location */
        for (v_ent = i = 0; i < n_ent; i++) {       /* Find FAT partition */
            if (move_window(fs, pt_lba + i * SZ_GPTE / SS(fs)) != FR_OK) return 4;  /* PT sector */
            ofs = i * SZ_GPTE % SS(fs);                                             /* Offset in the sector */
            if (!mem_cmp(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16)) { /* MS basic data partition? */
                v_ent++;
                fmt = check_fs(fs, ld_qword(fs->win + ofs + GPTE_FstLba));  /* Load VBR and check status */
                if (part == 0 && fmt <= 1) return fmt;          /* Auto search (valid FAT volume found first) */
                if (part != 0 && v_ent == part) return fmt;     /* Forced partition order (regardless of it is valid or not) */
            }
        }
        return 3;   /* Not found */
    }
#endif
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && part > 4) return 3;   /* MBR has 4 partitions max */
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {       /* Load partition offset in the MBR */
        mbr_pt[i] = ld_dword(fs->win + MBR_Table + i * SZ_PTE + PTE_StLba);
    }
    i = part ? part - 1 : 0;        /* Table index to find first */
    do {                            /* Find an FAT volume */
        fmt = mbr_pt[i] ? check_fs(fs, mbr_pt[i]) : 3;  /* Check if the partition is FAT */
    } while (part == 0 && fmt >= 2 && ++i < 4);
    return fmt;
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Determine logical drive number and mount the volume if needed         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT FatFs::mount_volume (  /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: an error occurred */
    const TCHAR** path,         /* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
    FATFS** rfs,                /* Pointer to pointer to the found filesystem object */
    BYTE mode                   /* !=0: Check write protection for write access */
)
{
    int vol;
    DSTATUS stat;
    LBA_t bsect;
    DWORD tsect, sysect, fasize, nclst, szbfat;
    WORD nrsv;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT fmt;
 
 
    /* Get logical drive number */
    *rfs = 0;
    vol = get_ldnumber(path);
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
 
    /* Check if the filesystem object is valid or not */
    fs = FatFsDir[vol];                 /* Get pointer to the filesystem object */
    if (!fs) return FR_NOT_ENABLED;     /* Is the filesystem object available? */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
    if (!lock_fs(fs)) return FR_TIMEOUT;    /* Lock the volume */
#endif
    *rfs = fs;                          /* Return pointer to the filesystem object */
 
    mode &= (BYTE)~FA_READ;             /* Desired access mode, write access or not */
    if (fs->fs_type != 0) {             /* If the volume has been mounted */
        stat = p_io->disk_status(fs->pdrv);
        if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) {     /* and the physical drive is kept initialized */
            if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) {  /* Check write protection if needed */
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
            }
            return FR_OK;               /* The filesystem object is already valid */
        }
    }
 
    /* The filesystem object is not valid. */
    /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (find a FAT volume, analyze the BPB and initialize the filesystem object) */
 
    fs->fs_type = 0;                    /* Clear the filesystem object */
    fs->pdrv = LD2PD(vol);              /* Volume hosting physical drive */
    stat = p_io->disk_initialize(fs->pdrv); /* Initialize the physical drive */
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) {            /* Check if the initialization succeeded */
        return FR_NOT_READY;            /* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
    }
    if (!FF_FS_READONLY && mode && (stat & STA_PROTECT)) { /* Check disk write protection if needed */
        return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    }
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS              /* Get sector size (multiple sector size cfg only) */
    if (p_io->disk_ioctl(fs->pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if (SS(fs) > FF_MAX_SS || SS(fs) < FF_MIN_SS || (SS(fs) & (SS(fs) - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
 
    /* Find an FAT volume on the drive */
    fmt = find_volume(fs, LD2PT(vol));
    if (fmt == 4) return FR_DISK_ERR;       /* An error occured in the disk I/O layer */
    if (fmt >= 2) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* No FAT volume is found */
    bsect = fs->winsect;                    /* Volume location */
 
    /* An FAT volume is found (bsect). Following code initializes the filesystem object */
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fmt == 1) {
        QWORD maxlba;
        DWORD so, cv, bcl, i;
 
        for (i = BPB_ZeroedEx; i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53 && fs->win[i] == 0; i++) ; /* Check zero filler */
        if (i < BPB_ZeroedEx + 53) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
 
        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVerEx) != 0x100) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* Check exFAT version (must be version 1.0) */
 
        if (1 << fs->win[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] != SS(fs)) { /* (BPB_BytsPerSecEx must be equal to the physical sector size) */
            return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        }
 
        maxlba = ld_qword(fs->win + BPB_TotSecEx) + bsect;  /* Last LBA + 1 of the volume */
        if (!FF_LBA64 && maxlba >= 0x100000000) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (It cannot be handled in 32-bit LBA) */
 
        fs->fsize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatSzEx);    /* Number of sectors per FAT */
 
        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATsEx];            /* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Supports only 1 FAT) */
 
        fs->csize = 1 << fs->win[BPB_SecPerClusEx];     /* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be 1..32768) */
 
        nclst = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_NumClusEx);      /* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst > MAX_EXFAT) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Too many clusters) */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;
 
        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->volbase = bsect;
        fs->database = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_DataOfsEx);
        fs->fatbase = bsect + ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FatOfsEx);
        if (maxlba < (QWORD)fs->database + nclst * fs->csize) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* (Volume size must not be smaller than the size requiered) */
        fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClusEx);
 
        /* Get bitmap location and check if it is contiguous (implementation assumption) */
        so = i = 0;
        for (;;) {  /* Find the bitmap entry in the root directory (in only first cluster) */
            if (i == 0) {
                if (so >= fs->csize) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* Not found? */
                if (move_window(fs, clst2sect(fs, (DWORD)fs->dirbase) + so) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                so++;
            }
            if (fs->win[i] == ET_BITMAP) break;             /* Is it a bitmap entry? */
            i = (i + SZDIRE) % SS(fs);  /* Next entry */
        }
        bcl = ld_dword(fs->win + i + 20);                   /* Bitmap cluster */
        if (bcl < 2 || bcl >= fs->n_fatent) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
        fs->bitbase = fs->database + fs->csize * (bcl - 2); /* Bitmap sector */
        for (;;) {  /* Check if bitmap is contiguous */
            if (move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + bcl / (SS(fs) / 4)) != FR_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
            cv = ld_dword(fs->win + bcl % (SS(fs) / 4) * 4);
            if (cv == 0xFFFFFFFF) break;                /* Last link? */
            if (cv != ++bcl) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* Fragmented? */
        }
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;     /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
#endif
        fmt = FS_EXFAT;         /* FAT sub-type */
    } else
#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {
        if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */
 
        fasize = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FATSz16);        /* Number of sectors per FAT */
        if (fasize == 0) fasize = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_FATSz32);
        fs->fsize = fasize;
 
        fs->n_fats = fs->win[BPB_NumFATs];              /* Number of FATs */
        if (fs->n_fats != 1 && fs->n_fats != 2) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Must be 1 or 2) */
        fasize *= fs->n_fats;                           /* Number of sectors for FAT area */
 
        fs->csize = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus];            /* Cluster size */
        if (fs->csize == 0 || (fs->csize & (fs->csize - 1))) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Must be power of 2) */
 
        fs->n_rootdir = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RootEntCnt);  /* Number of root directory entries */
        if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZDIRE)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (Must be sector aligned) */
 
        tsect = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_TotSec16);        /* Number of sectors on the volume */
        if (tsect == 0) tsect = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_TotSec32);
 
        nrsv = ld_word(fs->win + BPB_RsvdSecCnt);       /* Number of reserved sectors */
        if (nrsv == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;         /* (Must not be 0) */
 
        /* Determine the FAT sub type */
        sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZDIRE); /* RSV + FAT + DIR */
        if (tsect < sysect) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (Invalid volume size) */
        nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize;           /* Number of clusters */
        if (nclst == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;        /* (Invalid volume size) */
        fmt = 0;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT32) fmt = FS_FAT32;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT16) fmt = FS_FAT16;
        if (nclst <= MAX_FAT12) fmt = FS_FAT12;
        if (fmt == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
 
        /* Boundaries and Limits */
        fs->n_fatent = nclst + 2;                       /* Number of FAT entries */
        fs->volbase = bsect;                            /* Volume start sector */
        fs->fatbase = bsect + nrsv;                     /* FAT start sector */
        fs->database = bsect + sysect;                  /* Data start sector */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSVer32) != 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;   /* (Must be FAT32 revision 0.0) */
            if (fs->n_rootdir != 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = ld_dword(fs->win + BPB_RootClus32);   /* Root directory start cluster */
            szbfat = fs->n_fatent * 4;                  /* (Needed FAT size) */
        } else {
            if (fs->n_rootdir == 0) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;    /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must not be 0) */
            fs->dirbase = fs->fatbase + fasize;         /* Root directory start sector */
            szbfat = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?                /* (Needed FAT size) */
                fs->n_fatent * 2 : fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
        }
        if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;  /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than the size needed) */
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
        /* Get FSInfo if available */
        fs->last_clst = fs->free_clst = 0xFFFFFFFF;     /* Initialize cluster allocation information */
        fs->fsi_flag = 0x80;
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32             /* Allow to update FSInfo only if BPB_FSInfo32 == 1 */
            && ld_word(fs->win + BPB_FSInfo32) == 1
            && move_window(fs, bsect + 1) == FR_OK)
        {
            fs->fsi_flag = 0;
            if (ld_word(fs->win + BS_55AA) == 0xAA55    /* Load FSInfo data if available */
                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_LeadSig) == 0x41615252
                && ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_StrucSig) == 0x61417272)
            {
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 1) == 0
                fs->free_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Free_Count);
#endif
#if (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 2) == 0
                fs->last_clst = ld_dword(fs->win + FSI_Nxt_Free);
#endif
            }
        }
#endif  /* (FF_FS_NOFSINFO & 3) != 3 */
#endif  /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
    }
 
    fs->fs_type = (BYTE)fmt;/* FAT sub-type */
    fs->id = ++Fsid;        /* Volume mount ID */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 1
    fs->lfnbuf = LfnBuf;    /* Static LFN working buffer */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    fs->dirbuf = DirBuf;    /* Static directory block scratchpad buuffer */
#endif
#endif
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
    fs->cdir = 0;           /* Initialize current directory */
#endif
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0         /* Clear file lock semaphores */
    clear_lock(fs);
#endif
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Check if the file/directory object is valid or not                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::validate (   /* Returns FR_OK or FR_INVALID_OBJECT */
    FFOBJID* obj,           /* Pointer to the FFOBJID, the 1st member in the FIL/DIR object, to check validity */
    FATFS** rfs             /* Pointer to pointer to the owner filesystem object to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res = FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
 
 
    if (obj && obj->fs && obj->fs->fs_type && obj->id == obj->fs->id) { /* Test if the object is valid */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        if (lock_fs(obj->fs)) { /* Obtain the filesystem object */
            if (!(p_io->disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the phsical drive is kept initialized */
                res = FR_OK;
            } else {
                unlock_fs(obj->fs, FR_OK);
            }
        } else {
            res = FR_TIMEOUT;
        }
#else
        if (!(p_io->disk_status(obj->fs->pdrv) & STA_NOINIT)) { /* Test if the phsical drive is kept initialized */
            res = FR_OK;
        }
#endif
    }
    *rfs = (res == FR_OK) ? obj->fs : 0;    /* Corresponding filesystem object */
    return res;
}
 
 
 
 
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
   Public Functions (FatFs API)
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Mount/Unmount a Logical Drive                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_mount (
    FATFS* fs,          /* Pointer to the filesystem object (NULL:unmount)*/
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Logical drive number to be mounted/unmounted */
    BYTE opt            /* Mode option 0:Do not mount (delayed mount), 1:Mount immediately */
)
{
    FATFS *cfs;
    int vol;
    FRESULT res;
    const TCHAR *rp = path;
 
 
    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&rp);
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    cfs = FatFsDir[vol];                    /* Pointer to fs object */
 
    if (cfs) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        clear_lock(cfs);
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT                     /* Discard sync object of the current volume */
        if (!ff_del_syncobj(cfs->sobj)) return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        cfs->fs_type = 0;               /* Clear old fs object */
    }
 
    if (fs) {
        fs->fs_type = 0;                /* Clear new fs object */
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT                     /* Create sync object for the new volume */
        if (!ff_cre_syncobj((BYTE)vol, &fs->sobj)) return FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
    }
    FatFsDir[vol] = fs;                 /* Register new fs object */
 
    if (opt == 0) return FR_OK;         /* Do not mount now, it will be mounted later */
 
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);  /* Force mounted the volume */
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Open or Create a File                                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_open (
    FIL* fp,            /* Pointer to the blank file object */
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file name */
    BYTE mode           /* Access mode and file open mode flags */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    DWORD cl, bcs, clst;
    LBA_t sc;
    FSIZE_t ofs;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    if (!fp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
 
    /* Get logical drive number */
    mode &= FF_FS_READONLY ? FA_READ : FA_READ | FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_APPEND;
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, mode);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY /* Read/Write configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {    /* Origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            }
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            else {
                res = chk_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);     /* Check if the file can be used */
            }
#endif
        }
        /* Create or Open a file */
        if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
            if (res != FR_OK) {                 /* No file, create new */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {        /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
                    res = enq_lock() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
#else
                    res = dir_register(&dj);
#endif
                }
                mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS;       /* File is created */
            }
            else {                              /* Any object with the same name is already existing */
                if (dj.obj.attr & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR)) {  /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                    res = FR_DENIED;
                } else {
                    if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW) res = FR_EXIST;   /* Cannot create as new file */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) {    /* Truncate the file if overwrite mode */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    /* Get current allocation info */
                    fp->obj.fs = fs;
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
                    /* Set directory entry block initial state */
                    mem_set(fs->dirbuf + 2, 0, 30);     /* Clear 85 entry except for NumSec */
                    mem_set(fs->dirbuf + 38, 0, 26);    /* Clear C0 entry except for NumName and NameHash */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME());
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 1;
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                    if (res == FR_OK && fp->obj.sclust != 0) {  /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
                        fs->last_clst = fp->obj.sclust - 1;     /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                    }
                } else
#endif
                {
                    /* Set directory entry initial state */
                    cl = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);          /* Get current cluster chain */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_CrtTime, GET_FATTIME());  /* Set created time */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_ARC;          /* Reset attribute */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, 0);            /* Reset file allocation info */
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    if (cl != 0) {                      /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
                        sc = fs->winsect;
                        res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, cl, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sc);
                            fs->last_clst = cl - 1;     /* Reuse the cluster hole */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else {  /* Open an existing file */
            if (res == FR_OK) {                 /* Is the object exsiting? */
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {     /* File open against a directory */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                } else {
                    if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO)) { /* Write mode open against R/O file */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS) mode |= FA_MODIFIED;   /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
            fp->dir_sect = fs->winsect;         /* Pointer to the directory entry */
            fp->dir_ptr = dj.dir;
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            fp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);  /* Lock the file for this session */
            if (fp->obj.lockid == 0) res = FR_INT_ERR;
#endif
        }
#else       /* R/O configuration */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {    /* Is it origin directory itself? */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {     /* Is it a directory? */
                    res = FR_NO_FILE;
                }
            }
        }
#endif
 
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fp->obj.c_scl = dj.obj.sclust;                          /* Get containing directory info */
                fp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                fp->obj.c_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                init_alloc_info(fs, &fp->obj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                fp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                  /* Get object allocation info */
                fp->obj.objsize = ld_dword(dj.dir + DIR_FileSize);
            }
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
            fp->cltbl = 0;          /* Disable fast seek mode */
#endif
            fp->obj.fs = fs;        /* Validate the file object */
            fp->obj.id = fs->id;
            fp->flag = mode;        /* Set file access mode */
            fp->err = 0;            /* Clear error flag */
            fp->sect = 0;           /* Invalidate current data sector */
            fp->fptr = 0;           /* Set file pointer top of the file */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            mem_set(fp->buf, 0, sizeof fp->buf);    /* Clear sector buffer */
#endif
            if ((mode & FA_SEEKEND) && fp->obj.objsize > 0) {   /* Seek to end of file if FA_OPEN_APPEND is specified */
                fp->fptr = fp->obj.objsize;         /* Offset to seek */
                bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);    /* Cluster size in byte */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;              /* Follow the cluster chain */
                for (ofs = fp->obj.objsize; res == FR_OK && ofs > bcs; ofs -= bcs) {
                    clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
                    if (clst <= 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                }
                fp->clust = clst;
                if (res == FR_OK && ofs % SS(fs)) { /* Fill sector buffer if not on the sector boundary */
                    sc = clst2sect(fs, clst);
                    if (sc == 0) {
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                    } else {
                        fp->sect = sc + (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
#if !FF_FS_TINY
                        if (p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
#endif
                    }
                }
            }
#endif
        }
 
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    if (res != FR_OK) fp->obj.fs = 0;   /* Invalidate file object on error */
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read File                                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_read (
    FIL* fp,    /* Pointer to the file object */
    void* buff, /* Pointer to data buffer */
    UINT btr,   /* Number of bytes to read */
    UINT* br    /* Pointer to number of bytes read */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, cc, csect;
    BYTE *rbuff = (BYTE*)buff;
 
 
    *br = 0;    /* Clear read byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);              /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);   /* Check validity */
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btr > remain) btr = (UINT)remain;       /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */
 
    for ( ;  btr;                               /* Repeat until btr bytes read */
        btr -= rcnt, *br += rcnt, rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {           /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {                   /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {            /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;      /* Follow cluster chain from the origin */
                } else {                        /* Middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);    /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);    /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst < 2) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst;               /* Update current cluster */
            }
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);    /* Get current sector */
            if (sect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btr / SS(fs);                  /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc > 0) {                       /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {   /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, rbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2      /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (fs->wflag && fs->winsect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), fs->win, SS(fs));
                }
#else
                if ((fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) && fp->sect - sect < cc) {
                    mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), fp->buf, SS(fs));
                }
#endif
#endif
                rcnt = SS(fs) * cc;             /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->sect != sect) {         /* Load data sector if not in cache */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                    if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
                if (p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)  ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);    /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btr) rcnt = btr;                 /* Clip it by btr if needed */
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);  /* Extract partial sector */
#else
        mem_cpy(rbuff, fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), rcnt);  /* Extract partial sector */
#endif
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
 
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Write File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_write (
    FIL* fp,            /* Pointer to the file object */
    const void* buff,   /* Pointer to the data to be written */
    UINT btw,           /* Number of bytes to write */
    UINT* bw            /* Pointer to number of bytes written */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT wcnt, cc, csect;
    const BYTE *wbuff = (const BYTE*)buff;
 
 
    *bw = 0;    /* Clear write byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);          /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);   /* Check validity */
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */
 
    /* Check fptr wrap-around (file size cannot reach 4 GiB at FAT volume) */
    if ((!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) && (DWORD)(fp->fptr + btw) < (DWORD)fp->fptr) {
        btw = (UINT)(0xFFFFFFFF - (DWORD)fp->fptr);
    }
 
    for ( ;  btw;                           /* Repeat until all data written */
        btw -= wcnt, *bw += wcnt, wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, fp->obj.objsize = (fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) ? fp->fptr : fp->obj.objsize) {
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {       /* On the sector boundary? */
            csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
            if (csect == 0) {               /* On the cluster boundary? */
                if (fp->fptr == 0) {        /* On the top of the file? */
                    clst = fp->obj.sclust;  /* Follow from the origin */
                    if (clst == 0) {        /* If no cluster is allocated, */
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);   /* create a new cluster chain */
                    }
                } else {                    /* On the middle or end of the file */
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
                    if (fp->cltbl) {
                        clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);    /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, fp->clust);   /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                    }
                }
                if (clst == 0) break;       /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                if (clst == 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst;           /* Update current cluster */
                if (fp->obj.sclust == 0) fp->obj.sclust = clst; /* Set start cluster if the first write */
            }
#if FF_FS_TINY
            if (fs->winsect == fp->sect && sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Write-back sector cache */
#else
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back sector cache */
                if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);    /* Get current sector */
            if (sect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
            sect += csect;
            cc = btw / SS(fs);              /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
            if (cc > 0) {                   /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
                if (csect + cc > fs->csize) {   /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                    cc = fs->csize - csect;
                }
                if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, wbuff, sect, cc) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
#if FF_FS_TINY
                if (fs->winsect - sect < cc) {  /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fs->win, wbuff + ((fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fs->wflag = 0;
                }
#else
                if (fp->sect - sect < cc) { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                    mem_cpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->sect - sect) * SS(fs)), SS(fs));
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                }
#endif
#endif
                wcnt = SS(fs) * cc;     /* Number of bytes transferred */
                continue;
            }
#if FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->fptr >= fp->obj.objsize) {  /* Avoid silly cache filling on the growing edge */
                if (sync_window(fs) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fs->winsect = sect;
            }
#else
            if (fp->sect != sect &&         /* Fill sector cache with file data */
                fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize &&
                p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                    ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
#endif
            fp->sect = sect;
        }
        wcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);    /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (wcnt > btw) wcnt = btw;                 /* Clip it by btw if needed */
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, fp->sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window */
        mem_cpy(fs->win + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);  /* Fit data to the sector */
        fs->wflag = 1;
#else
        mem_cpy(fp->buf + fp->fptr % SS(fs), wbuff, wcnt);  /* Fit data to the sector */
        fp->flag |= FA_DIRTY;
#endif
    }
 
    fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;                /* Set file change flag */
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Synchronize the File                                                  */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_sync (
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD tm;
    BYTE *dir;
 
 
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (fp->flag & FA_MODIFIED) {   /* Is there any change to the file? */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {  /* Write-back cached data if needed */
                if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            /* Update the directory entry */
            tm = GET_FATTIME();             /* Modified time */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                res = fill_first_frag(&fp->obj);    /* Fill first fragment on the FAT if needed */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    DIR dj;
                    DEF_NAMBUF
 
                    INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
                    res = load_obj_xdir(&dj, &fp->obj); /* Load directory entry block */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = fp->obj.stat | 1;   /* Update file allocation information */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, fp->obj.sclust);        /* Update start cluster */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, fp->obj.objsize);      /* Update file size */
                        st_qword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, fp->obj.objsize); /* (FatFs does not support Valid File Size feature) */
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);        /* Update modified time */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_ModTime10] = 0;
                        st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_AccTime, 0);
                        res = store_xdir(&dj);  /* Restore it to the directory */
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = sync_fs(fs);
                            fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                    }
                    FREE_NAMBUF();
                }
            } else
#endif
            {
                res = move_window(fs, fp->dir_sect);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                    dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                        /* Set archive attribute to indicate that the file has been changed */
                    st_clust(fp->obj.fs, dir, fp->obj.sclust);      /* Update file allocation information  */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fp->obj.objsize);   /* Update file size */
                    st_dword(dir + DIR_ModTime, tm);                /* Update modified time */
                    st_word(dir + DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                    res = sync_fs(fs);                  /* Restore it to the directory */
                    fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_MODIFIED;
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close File                                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_close (
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
    res = f_sync(fp);                   /* Flush cached data */
    if (res == FR_OK)
#endif
    {
        res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Lock volume */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
            res = dec_lock(fp->obj.lockid);     /* Decrement file open counter */
            if (res == FR_OK) fp->obj.fs = 0;   /* Invalidate file object */
#else
            fp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate file object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
            unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK);       /* Unlock volume */
#endif
        }
    }
    return res;
}
 
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Current Directory or Current Drive, Get Current Directory      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_chdrive (
    const TCHAR* path       /* Drive number to set */
)
{
    int vol;
 
 
    /* Get logical drive number */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    CurrVol = (BYTE)vol;    /* Set it as current volume */
 
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_chdir (
    const TCHAR* path   /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2
    UINT i;
#endif
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);       /* Follow the path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {                 /* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {    /* Is it the start directory itself? */
                fs->cdir = dj.obj.sclust;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.c_scl;
                    fs->cdc_size = dj.obj.c_size;
                    fs->cdc_ofs = dj.obj.c_ofs;
                }
#endif
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) { /* It is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        fs->cdir = ld_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus);     /* Sub-directory cluster */
                        fs->cdc_scl = dj.obj.sclust;                        /* Save containing directory information */
                        fs->cdc_size = ((DWORD)dj.obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dj.obj.stat;
                        fs->cdc_ofs = dj.blk_ofs;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        fs->cdir = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);                    /* Sub-directory cluster */
                    }
                } else {
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;       /* Reached but a file */
                }
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_NO_PATH;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2   /* Also current drive is changed at Unix style volume ID */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            for (i = FF_VOLUMES - 1; i && fs != FatFsDir[i]; i--) ; /* Set current drive */
            CurrVol = (BYTE)i;
        }
#endif
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
#if FF_FS_RPATH >= 2
FRESULT FatFs::f_getcwd (
    TCHAR* buff,    /* Pointer to the directory path */
    UINT len        /* Size of buff in unit of TCHAR */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT i, n;
    DWORD ccl;
    TCHAR *tp = buff;
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2
    UINT vl;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID
    const char *vp;
#endif
#endif
    FILINFO fno;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    buff[0] = 0;    /* Set null string to get current volume */
    res = mount_volume((const TCHAR**)&buff, &fs, 0);   /* Get current volume */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
 
        /* Follow parent directories and create the path */
        i = len;            /* Bottom of buffer (directory stack base) */
        if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {  /* (Cannot do getcwd on exFAT and returns root path) */
            dj.obj.sclust = fs->cdir;               /* Start to follow upper directory from current directory */
            while ((ccl = dj.obj.sclust) != 0) {    /* Repeat while current directory is a sub-directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1 * SZDIRE); /* Get parent directory */
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                res = move_window(fs, dj.sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                dj.obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);   /* Goto parent directory */
                res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                do {                            /* Find the entry links to the child directory */
                    res = DIR_READ_FILE(&dj);
                    if (res != FR_OK) break;
                    if (ccl == ld_clust(fs, dj.dir)) break; /* Found the entry */
                    res = dir_next(&dj, 0);
                } while (res == FR_OK);
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;/* It cannot be 'not found'. */
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno);        /* Get the directory name and push it to the buffer */
                for (n = 0; fno.fname[n]; n++) ;    /* Name length */
                if (i < n + 1) {    /* Insufficient space to store the path name? */
                    res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; break;
                }
                while (n) buff[--i] = fno.fname[--n];   /* Stack the name */
                buff[--i] = '/';
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (i == len) buff[--i] = '/';  /* Is it the root-directory? */
#if FF_VOLUMES >= 2         /* Put drive prefix */
            vl = 0;
#if FF_STR_VOLUME_ID >= 1   /* String volume ID */
            for (n = 0, vp = (const char*)VolumeStr[CurrVol]; vp[n]; n++) ;
            if (i >= n + 2) {
                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 2) *tp++ = (TCHAR)'/';
                for (vl = 0; vl < n; *tp++ = (TCHAR)vp[vl], vl++) ;
                if (FF_STR_VOLUME_ID == 1) *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                vl++;
            }
#else                       /* Numeric volume ID */
            if (i >= 3) {
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)'0' + CurrVol;
                *tp++ = (TCHAR)':';
                vl = 2;
            }
#endif
            if (vl == 0) res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
#endif
            /* Add current directory path */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                do *tp++ = buff[i++]; while (i < len);  /* Copy stacked path string */
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    *tp = 0;
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 2 */
#endif /* FF_FS_RPATH >= 1 */
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Seek File Read/Write Pointer                                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_lseek (
    FIL* fp,        /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t ofs     /* File pointer from top of file */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst, bcs;
    LBA_t nsect;
    FSIZE_t ifptr;
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
    DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, tlen, ulen, *tbl;
    LBA_t dsc;
#endif
 
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);      /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) res = (FRESULT)fp->err;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT && !FF_FS_READONLY
    if (res == FR_OK && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        res = fill_last_frag(&fp->obj, fp->clust, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* Fill last fragment on the FAT if needed */
    }
#endif
    if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
 
#if FF_USE_FASTSEEK
    if (fp->cltbl) {    /* Fast seek */
        if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) {    /* Create CLMT */
            tbl = fp->cltbl;
            tlen = *tbl++; ulen = 2;    /* Given table size and required table size */
            cl = fp->obj.sclust;        /* Origin of the chain */
            if (cl != 0) {
                do {
                    /* Get a fragment */
                    tcl = cl; ncl = 0; ulen += 2;   /* Top, length and used items */
                    do {
                        pcl = cl; ncl++;
                        cl = get_fat(&fp->obj, cl);
                        if (cl <= 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        if (cl == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    } while (cl == pcl + 1);
                    if (ulen <= tlen) {     /* Store the length and top of the fragment */
                        *tbl++ = ncl; *tbl++ = tcl;
                    }
                } while (cl < fs->n_fatent);    /* Repeat until end of chain */
            }
            *fp->cltbl = ulen;  /* Number of items used */
            if (ulen <= tlen) {
                *tbl = 0;       /* Terminate table */
            } else {
                res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;   /* Given table size is smaller than required */
            }
        } else {                        /* Fast seek */
            if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize) ofs = fp->obj.objsize;   /* Clip offset at the file size */
            fp->fptr = ofs;             /* Set file pointer */
            if (ofs > 0) {
                fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
                dsc = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);
                if (dsc == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                dsc += (DWORD)((ofs - 1) / SS(fs)) & (fs->csize - 1);
                if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && dsc != fp->sect) { /* Refill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                        if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
                    }
#endif
                    if (p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);   /* Load current sector */
#endif
                    fp->sect = dsc;
                }
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
 
    /* Normal Seek */
    {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
        if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && ofs >= 0x100000000) ofs = 0xFFFFFFFF;    /* Clip at 4 GiB - 1 if at FATxx */
#endif
        if (ofs > fp->obj.objsize && (FF_FS_READONLY || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))) {  /* In read-only mode, clip offset with the file size */
            ofs = fp->obj.objsize;
        }
        ifptr = fp->fptr;
        fp->fptr = nsect = 0;
        if (ofs > 0) {
            bcs = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);    /* Cluster size (byte) */
            if (ifptr > 0 &&
                (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs) { /* When seek to same or following cluster, */
                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(FSIZE_t)(bcs - 1);   /* start from the current cluster */
                ofs -= fp->fptr;
                clst = fp->clust;
            } else {                                    /* When seek to back cluster, */
                clst = fp->obj.sclust;                  /* start from the first cluster */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                if (clst == 0) {                        /* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                    clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, 0);
                    if (clst == 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    fp->obj.sclust = clst;
                }
#endif
                fp->clust = clst;
            }
            if (clst != 0) {
                while (ofs > bcs) {                     /* Cluster following loop */
                    ofs -= bcs; fp->fptr += bcs;
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
                    if (fp->flag & FA_WRITE) {          /* Check if in write mode or not */
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {    /* No FAT chain object needs correct objsize to generate FAT value */
                            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
                            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
                        }
                        clst = create_chain(&fp->obj, clst);    /* Follow chain with forceed stretch */
                        if (clst == 0) {                /* Clip file size in case of disk full */
                            ofs = 0; break;
                        }
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        clst = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst); /* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                    }
                    if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                    if (clst <= 1 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    fp->clust = clst;
                }
                fp->fptr += ofs;
                if (ofs % SS(fs)) {
                    nsect = clst2sect(fs, clst);    /* Current sector */
                    if (nsect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                    nsect += (DWORD)(ofs / SS(fs));
                }
            }
        }
        if (!FF_FS_READONLY && fp->fptr > fp->obj.objsize) {    /* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
            fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr;
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
        }
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) && nsect != fp->sect) {   /* Fill sector cache if needed */
#if !FF_FS_TINY
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {          /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Fill sector cache */
#endif
            fp->sect = nsect;
        }
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_opendir (
    DIR* dp,            /* Pointer to directory object to create */
    const TCHAR* path   /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    if (!dp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dp->obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(dp, path);            /* Follow the path to the directory */
        if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Follow completed */
            if (!(dp->fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME)) {    /* It is not the origin directory itself */
                if (dp->obj.attr & AM_DIR) {        /* This object is a sub-directory */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                        dp->obj.c_scl = dp->obj.sclust;                         /* Get containing directory inforamation */
                        dp->obj.c_size = ((DWORD)dp->obj.objsize & 0xFFFFFF00) | dp->obj.stat;
                        dp->obj.c_ofs = dp->blk_ofs;
                        init_alloc_info(fs, &dp->obj);  /* Get object allocation info */
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        dp->obj.sclust = ld_clust(fs, dp->dir); /* Get object allocation info */
                    }
                } else {                        /* This object is a file */
                    res = FR_NO_PATH;
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                dp->obj.id = fs->id;
                res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);           /* Rewind directory */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (dp->obj.sclust != 0) {
                        dp->obj.lockid = inc_lock(dp, 0);   /* Lock the sub directory */
                        if (!dp->obj.lockid) res = FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
                    } else {
                        dp->obj.lockid = 0; /* Root directory need not to be locked */
                    }
                }
#endif
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_NO_PATH;
    }
    if (res != FR_OK) dp->obj.fs = 0;       /* Invalidate the directory object if function faild */
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Close Directory                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_closedir (
    DIR *dp     /* Pointer to the directory object to be closed */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
 
 
    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        if (dp->obj.lockid) res = dec_lock(dp->obj.lockid); /* Decrement sub-directory open counter */
        if (res == FR_OK) dp->obj.fs = 0;   /* Invalidate directory object */
#else
        dp->obj.fs = 0; /* Invalidate directory object */
#endif
#if FF_FS_REENTRANT
        unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK);       /* Unlock volume */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Read Directory Entries in Sequence                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_readdir (
    DIR* dp,            /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    res = validate(&dp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the directory object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        if (!fno) {
            res = dir_sdi(dp, 0);           /* Rewind the directory object */
        } else {
            INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
            res = DIR_READ_FILE(dp);        /* Read an item */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory */
            if (res == FR_OK) {             /* A valid entry is found */
                get_fileinfo(dp, fno);      /* Get the object information */
                res = dir_next(dp, 0);      /* Increment index for next */
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK; /* Ignore end of directory now */
            }
            FREE_NAMBUF();
        }
    }
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_FIND
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find Next File                                                        */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_findnext (
    DIR* dp,        /* Pointer to the open directory object */
    FILINFO* fno    /* Pointer to the file information structure */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
 
 
    for (;;) {
        res = f_readdir(dp, fno);       /* Get a directory item */
        if (res != FR_OK || !fno || !fno->fname[0]) break;  /* Terminate if any error or end of directory */
        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->fname, 0, 0)) break;     /* Test for the file name */
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_USE_FIND == 2
        if (pattern_matching(dp->pat, fno->altname, 0, 0)) break;   /* Test for alternative name if exist */
#endif
    }
    return res;
}
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Find First File                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_findfirst (
    DIR* dp,                /* Pointer to the blank directory object */
    FILINFO* fno,           /* Pointer to the file information structure */
    const TCHAR* path,      /* Pointer to the directory to open */
    const TCHAR* pattern    /* Pointer to the matching pattern */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
 
 
    dp->pat = pattern;      /* Save pointer to pattern string */
    res = f_opendir(dp, path);      /* Open the target directory */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = f_findnext(dp, fno);  /* Find the first item */
    }
    return res;
}
 
#endif  /* FF_USE_FIND */
 
 
 
#if FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get File Status                                                       */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_stat (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file path */
    FILINFO* fno        /* Pointer to file information to return */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &dj.obj.fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        INIT_NAMBUF(dj.obj.fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK) {             /* Follow completed */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {    /* It is origin directory */
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
            } else {                            /* Found an object */
                if (fno) get_fileinfo(&dj, fno);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(dj.obj.fs, res);
}
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Number of Free Clusters                                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_getfree (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Logical drive number */
    DWORD* nclst,       /* Pointer to a variable to return number of free clusters */
    FATFS** fatfs       /* Pointer to return pointer to corresponding filesystem object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD nfree, clst, stat;
    LBA_t sect;
    UINT i;
    FFOBJID obj;
 
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        *fatfs = fs;                /* Return ptr to the fs object */
        /* If free_clst is valid, return it without full FAT scan */
        if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
            *nclst = fs->free_clst;
        } else {
            /* Scan FAT to obtain number of free clusters */
            nfree = 0;
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT12) {  /* FAT12: Scan bit field FAT entries */
                clst = 2; obj.fs = fs;
                do {
                    stat = get_fat(&obj, clst);
                    if (stat == 0xFFFFFFFF) { res = FR_DISK_ERR; break; }
                    if (stat == 1) { res = FR_INT_ERR; break; }
                    if (stat == 0) nfree++;
                } while (++clst < fs->n_fatent);
            } else {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* exFAT: Scan allocation bitmap */
                    BYTE bm;
                    UINT b;
 
                    clst = fs->n_fatent - 2;    /* Number of clusters */
                    sect = fs->bitbase;         /* Bitmap sector */
                    i = 0;                      /* Offset in the sector */
                    do {    /* Counts numbuer of bits with zero in the bitmap */
                        if (i == 0) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        }
                        for (b = 8, bm = fs->win[i]; b && clst; b--, clst--) {
                            if (!(bm & 1)) nfree++;
                            bm >>= 1;
                        }
                        i = (i + 1) % SS(fs);
                    } while (clst);
                } else
#endif
                {   /* FAT16/32: Scan WORD/DWORD FAT entries */
                    clst = fs->n_fatent;    /* Number of entries */
                    sect = fs->fatbase;     /* Top of the FAT */
                    i = 0;                  /* Offset in the sector */
                    do {    /* Counts numbuer of entries with zero in the FAT */
                        if (i == 0) {
                            res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                            if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        }
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT16) {
                            if (ld_word(fs->win + i) == 0) nfree++;
                            i += 2;
                        } else {
                            if ((ld_dword(fs->win + i) & 0x0FFFFFFF) == 0) nfree++;
                            i += 4;
                        }
                        i %= SS(fs);
                    } while (--clst);
                }
            }
            *nclst = nfree;         /* Return the free clusters */
            fs->free_clst = nfree;  /* Now free_clst is valid */
            fs->fsi_flag |= 1;      /* FAT32: FSInfo is to be updated */
        }
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Truncate File                                                         */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_truncate (
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD ncl;
 
 
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);  /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);    /* Check access mode */
 
    if (fp->fptr < fp->obj.objsize) {   /* Process when fptr is not on the eof */
        if (fp->fptr == 0) {    /* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
            res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, fp->obj.sclust, 0);
            fp->obj.sclust = 0;
        } else {                /* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
            ncl = get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
            res = FR_OK;
            if (ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            if (ncl == 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
            if (res == FR_OK && ncl < fs->n_fatent) {
                res = remove_chain(&fp->obj, ncl, fp->clust);
            }
        }
        fp->obj.objsize = fp->fptr; /* Set file size to current read/write point */
        fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
#if !FF_FS_TINY
        if (res == FR_OK && (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY)) {
            if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) {
                res = FR_DISK_ERR;
            } else {
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
        }
#endif
        if (res != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, res);
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_unlink (
    const TCHAR* path       /* Pointer to the file or directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj, sdj;
    DWORD dclst = 0;
    FATFS *fs;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    FFOBJID obj;
#endif
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);       /* Follow the file path */
        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) {
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;          /* Cannot remove dot entry */
        }
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        if (res == FR_OK) res = chk_lock(&dj, 2);   /* Check if it is an open object */
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {                 /* The object is accessible */
            if (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_NONAME) {
                res = FR_INVALID_NAME;      /* Cannot remove the origin directory */
            } else {
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_RDO) {
                    res = FR_DENIED;        /* Cannot remove R/O object */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                obj.fs = fs;
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    init_alloc_info(fs, &obj);
                    dclst = obj.sclust;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    dclst = ld_clust(fs, dj.dir);
                }
                if (dj.obj.attr & AM_DIR) {         /* Is it a sub-directory? */
#if FF_FS_RPATH != 0
                    if (dclst == fs->cdir) {            /* Is it the current directory? */
                        res = FR_DENIED;
                    } else
#endif
                    {
                        sdj.obj.fs = fs;                /* Open the sub-directory */
                        sdj.obj.sclust = dclst;
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                        if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            sdj.obj.objsize = obj.objsize;
                            sdj.obj.stat = obj.stat;
                        }
#endif
                        res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 0);
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                            res = DIR_READ_FILE(&sdj);          /* Test if the directory is empty */
                            if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_DENIED;  /* Not empty? */
                            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK; /* Empty? */
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&dj);          /* Remove the directory entry */
                if (res == FR_OK && dclst != 0) {   /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                    res = remove_chain(&obj, dclst, 0);
#else
                    res = remove_chain(&dj.obj, dclst, 0);
#endif
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Directory                                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_mkdir (
    const TCHAR* path       /* Pointer to the directory path */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FFOBJID sobj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD dcl, pcl, tm;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);   /* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);           /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_EXIST;       /* Name collision? */
        if (FF_FS_RPATH && res == FR_NO_FILE && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & NS_DOT)) { /* Invalid name? */
            res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* It is clear to create a new directory */
            sobj.fs = fs;                       /* New object id to create a new chain */
            dcl = create_chain(&sobj, 0);       /* Allocate a cluster for the new directory */
            res = FR_OK;
            if (dcl == 0) res = FR_DENIED;      /* No space to allocate a new cluster? */
            if (dcl == 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;     /* Any insanity? */
            if (dcl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;   /* Disk error? */
            tm = GET_FATTIME();
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_clear(fs, dcl);       /* Clean up the new table */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    if (!FF_FS_EXFAT || fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT) {  /* Create dot entries (FAT only) */
                        mem_set(fs->win + DIR_Name, ' ', 11);   /* Create "." entry */
                        fs->win[DIR_Name] = '.';
                        fs->win[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                        st_dword(fs->win + DIR_ModTime, tm);
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win, dcl);
                        mem_cpy(fs->win + SZDIRE, fs->win, SZDIRE); /* Create ".." entry */
                        fs->win[SZDIRE + 1] = '.'; pcl = dj.obj.sclust;
                        st_clust(fs, fs->win + SZDIRE, pcl);
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                    }
                    res = dir_register(&dj);    /* Register the object to the parent directoy */
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* Initialize directory entry block */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, tm);    /* Created time */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FstClus, dcl);   /* Table start cluster */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_FileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));    /* Directory size needs to be valid */
                    st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ValidFileSize, (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs));
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_GenFlags] = 3;              /* Initialize the object flag */
                    fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;             /* Attribute */
                    res = store_xdir(&dj);
                } else
#endif
                {
                    st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, tm); /* Created time */
                    st_clust(fs, dj.dir, dcl);          /* Table start cluster */
                    dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;          /* Attribute */
                    fs->wflag = 1;
                }
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            } else {
                remove_chain(&sobj, dcl, 0);        /* Could not register, remove the allocated cluster */
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Rename a File/Directory                                               */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_rename (
    const TCHAR* path_old,  /* Pointer to the object name to be renamed */
    const TCHAR* path_new   /* Pointer to the new name */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR djo, djn;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE buf[FF_FS_EXFAT ? SZDIRE * 2 : SZDIRE], *dir;
    LBA_t sect;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    get_ldnumber(&path_new);                        /* Snip the drive number of new name off */
    res = mount_volume(&path_old, &fs, FA_WRITE);   /* Get logical drive of the old object */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        djo.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&djo, path_old);      /* Check old object */
        if (res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Check validity of name */
#if FF_FS_LOCK != 0
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = chk_lock(&djo, 2);
        }
#endif
        if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Object to be renamed is found */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* At exFAT volume */
                BYTE nf, nn;
                WORD nh;
 
                mem_cpy(buf, fs->dirbuf, SZDIRE * 2);   /* Save 85+C0 entry of old object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof djo);
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);      /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn);           /* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        nf = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec]; nn = fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName];
                        nh = ld_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash);
                        mem_cpy(fs->dirbuf, buf, SZDIRE * 2);   /* Restore 85+C0 entry */
                        fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumSec] = nf; fs->dirbuf[XDIR_NumName] = nn;
                        st_word(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_NameHash, nh);
                        if (!(fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
/* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                        res = store_xdir(&djn);
                    }
                }
            } else
#endif
            {   /* At FAT/FAT32 volume */
                mem_cpy(buf, djo.dir, SZDIRE);          /* Save directory entry of the object */
                mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof (DIR));      /* Duplicate the directory object */
                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);      /* Make sure if new object name is not in use */
                if (res == FR_OK) {                     /* Is new name already in use by any other object? */
                    res = (djn.obj.sclust == djo.obj.sclust && djn.dptr == djo.dptr) ? FR_NO_FILE : FR_EXIST;
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* It is a valid path and no name collision */
                    res = dir_register(&djn);           /* Register the new entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dir = djn.dir;                  /* Copy directory entry of the object except name */
                        mem_cpy(dir + 13, buf + 13, SZDIRE - 13);
                        dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[DIR_Attr];
                        if (!(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC; /* Set archive attribute if it is a file */
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        if ((dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) && djo.obj.sclust != djn.obj.sclust) { /* Update .. entry in the sub-directory if needed */
                            sect = clst2sect(fs, ld_clust(fs, dir));
                            if (sect == 0) {
                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                            } else {
/* Start of critical section where an interruption can cause a cross-link */
                                res = move_window(fs, sect);
                                dir = fs->win + SZDIRE * 1; /* Ptr to .. entry */
                                if (res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.') {
                                    st_clust(fs, dir, djn.obj.sclust);
                                    fs->wflag = 1;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = dir_remove(&djo);     /* Remove old entry */
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                    res = sync_fs(fs);
                }
            }
/* End of the critical section */
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE == 0 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 1 */
#endif /* FF_FS_MINIMIZE <= 2 */
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Attribute                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_chmod (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file path */
    BYTE attr,          /* Attribute bits */
    BYTE mask           /* Attribute mask to change */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);   /* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Check object validity */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            mask &= AM_RDO|AM_HID|AM_SYS|AM_ARC;    /* Valid attribute mask */
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (fs->dirbuf[XDIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);  /* Apply attribute change */
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = (attr & mask) | (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & (BYTE)~mask);    /* Apply attribute change */
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_utime (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Pointer to the file/directory name */
    const FILINFO* fno  /* Pointer to the timestamp to be set */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    DEF_NAMBUF
 
 
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, FA_WRITE);   /* Get logical drive */
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs;
        INIT_NAMBUF(fs);
        res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
        if (res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NSFLAG] & (NS_DOT | NS_NONAME))) res = FR_INVALID_NAME;  /* Check object validity */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
            if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                st_dword(fs->dirbuf + XDIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                res = store_xdir(&dj);
            } else
#endif
            {
                st_dword(dj.dir + DIR_ModTime, (DWORD)fno->fdate << 16 | fno->ftime);
                fs->wflag = 1;
            }
            if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = sync_fs(fs);
            }
        }
        FREE_NAMBUF();
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
#endif  /* FF_USE_CHMOD && !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_LABEL
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_getlabel (
    const TCHAR* path,  /* Logical drive number */
    TCHAR* label,       /* Buffer to store the volume label */
    DWORD* vsn          /* Variable to store the volume serial number */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    UINT si, di;
    WCHAR wc;
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&path, &fs, 0);
 
    /* Get volume label */
    if (res == FR_OK && label) {
        dj.obj.fs = fs; dj.obj.sclust = 0;  /* Open root directory */
        res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj);      /* Find a volume label entry */
            if (res == FR_OK) {
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                    WCHAR hs;
 
                    for (si = di = hs = 0; si < dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel]; si++) {  /* Extract volume label from 83 entry */
                        wc = ld_word(dj.dir + XDIR_Label + si * 2);
                        if (hs == 0 && IsSurrogate(wc)) {   /* Is the code a surrogate? */
                            hs = wc; continue;
                        }
                        wc = put_utf((DWORD)hs << 16 | wc, &label[di], 4);
                        if (wc == 0) { di = 0; break; }
                        di += wc;
                        hs = 0;
                    }
                    if (hs != 0) di = 0;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
                    label[di] = 0;
                } else
#endif
                {
                    si = di = 0;        /* Extract volume label from AM_VOL entry */
                    while (si < 11) {
                        wc = dj.dir[si++];
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE >= 1   /* Unicode output */
                        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc) && si < 11) wc = wc << 8 | dj.dir[si++];  /* Is it a DBC? */
                        wc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);                  /* Convert it into Unicode */
                        if (wc != 0) wc = put_utf(wc, &label[di], 4);   /* Put it in Unicode */
                        if (wc == 0) { di = 0; break; }
                        di += wc;
#else                                   /* ANSI/OEM output */
                        label[di++] = (TCHAR)wc;
#endif
                    }
                    do {                /* Truncate trailing spaces */
                        label[di] = 0;
                        if (di == 0) break;
                    } while (label[--di] == ' ');
                }
            }
        }
        if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {    /* No label entry and return nul string */
            label[0] = 0;
            res = FR_OK;
        }
    }
 
    /* Get volume serial number */
    if (res == FR_OK && vsn) {
        res = move_window(fs, fs->volbase);
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            switch (fs->fs_type) {
            case FS_EXFAT:
                di = BPB_VolIDEx; break;
 
            case FS_FAT32:
                di = BS_VolID32; break;
 
            default:
                di = BS_VolID;
            }
            *vsn = ld_dword(fs->win + di);
        }
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Volume Label                                                      */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_setlabel (
    const TCHAR* label  /* Volume label to set with heading logical drive number */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    DIR dj;
    FATFS *fs;
    BYTE dirvn[22];
    UINT di;
    WCHAR wc;
    static const char badchr[] = "+.,;=[]/\\\"*:<>\?|\x7F"; /* [0..] for FAT, [7..] for exFAT */
#if FF_USE_LFN
    DWORD dc;
#endif
 
    /* Get logical drive */
    res = mount_volume(&label, &fs, FA_WRITE);
    if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {  /* On the exFAT volume */
        mem_set(dirvn, 0, 22);
        di = 0;
        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') {   /* Create volume label */
            dc = tchar2uni(&label); /* Get a Unicode character */
            if (dc >= 0x10000) {
                if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF || di >= 10) { /* Wrong surrogate or buffer overflow */
                    dc = 0;
                } else {
                    st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)(dc >> 16)); di++;
                }
            }
            if (dc == 0 || chk_chr(badchr + 7, (int)dc) || di >= 11) {  /* Check validity of the volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            st_word(dirvn + di * 2, (WCHAR)dc); di++;
        }
    } else
#endif
    {   /* On the FAT/FAT32 volume */
        mem_set(dirvn, ' ', 11);
        di = 0;
        while ((UINT)*label >= ' ') {   /* Create volume label */
#if FF_USE_LFN
            dc = tchar2uni(&label);
            wc = (dc < 0x10000) ? ff_uni2oem(ff_wtoupper(dc), CODEPAGE) : 0;
#else                                   /* ANSI/OEM input */
            wc = (BYTE)*label++;
            if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) wc = dbc_2nd((BYTE)*label) ? wc << 8 | (BYTE)*label++ : 0;
            if (IsLower(wc)) wc -= 0x20;        /* To upper ASCII characters */
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
            if (ExCvt && wc >= 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80]; /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#elif FF_CODE_PAGE < 900
            if (wc >= 0x80) wc = ExCvt[wc - 0x80];  /* To upper extended characters (SBCS cfg) */
#endif
#endif
            if (wc == 0 || chk_chr(badchr + 0, (int)wc) || di >= (UINT)((wc >= 0x100) ? 10 : 11)) { /* Reject invalid characters for volume label */
                LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);
            }
            if (wc >= 0x100) dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
            dirvn[di++] = (BYTE)wc;
        }
        if (dirvn[0] == DDEM) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_INVALID_NAME);    /* Reject illegal name (heading DDEM) */
        while (di && dirvn[di - 1] == ' ') di--;                /* Snip trailing spaces */
    }
 
    /* Set volume label */
    dj.obj.fs = fs; dj.obj.sclust = 0;  /* Open root directory */
    res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        res = DIR_READ_LABEL(&dj);  /* Get volume label entry */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;   /* Change the volume label */
                mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
            } else {
                if (di != 0) {
                    mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11); /* Change the volume label */
                } else {
                    dj.dir[DIR_Name] = DDEM;    /* Remove the volume label */
                }
            }
            fs->wflag = 1;
            res = sync_fs(fs);
        } else {            /* No volume label entry or an error */
            if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
                res = FR_OK;
                if (di != 0) {  /* Create a volume label entry */
                    res = dir_alloc(&dj, 1);    /* Allocate an entry */
                    if (res == FR_OK) {
                        mem_set(dj.dir, 0, SZDIRE); /* Clean the entry */
                        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
                            dj.dir[XDIR_Type] = ET_VLABEL;  /* Create volume label entry */
                            dj.dir[XDIR_NumLabel] = (BYTE)di;
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir + XDIR_Label, dirvn, 22);
                        } else {
                            dj.dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_VOL;      /* Create volume label entry */
                            mem_cpy(dj.dir, dirvn, 11);
                        }
                        fs->wflag = 1;
                        res = sync_fs(fs);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_LABEL */
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Allocate a Contiguous Blocks to the File                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_expand (
    FIL* fp,        /* Pointer to the file object */
    FSIZE_t fsz,    /* File size to be expanded to */
    BYTE opt        /* Operation mode 0:Find and prepare or 1:Find and allocate */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD n, clst, stcl, scl, ncl, tcl, lclst;
 
 
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);      /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (fsz == 0 || fp->obj.objsize != 0 || !(fp->flag & FA_WRITE)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED);
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type != FS_EXFAT && fsz >= 0x100000000) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check if in size limit */
#endif
    n = (DWORD)fs->csize * SS(fs);  /* Cluster size */
    tcl = (DWORD)(fsz / n) + ((fsz & (n - 1)) ? 1 : 0); /* Number of clusters required */
    stcl = fs->last_clst; lclst = 0;
    if (stcl < 2 || stcl >= fs->n_fatent) stcl = 2;
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fs->fs_type == FS_EXFAT) {
        scl = find_bitmap(fs, stcl, tcl);           /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
        if (scl == 0) res = FR_DENIED;              /* No contiguous cluster block was found */
        if (scl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        if (res == FR_OK) { /* A contiguous free area is found */
            if (opt) {      /* Allocate it now */
                res = change_bitmap(fs, scl, tcl, 1);   /* Mark the cluster block 'in use' */
                lclst = scl + tcl - 1;
            } else {        /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    } else
#endif
    {
        scl = clst = stcl; ncl = 0;
        for (;;) {  /* Find a contiguous cluster block */
            n = get_fat(&fp->obj, clst);
            if (++clst >= fs->n_fatent) clst = 2;
            if (n == 1) { res = FR_INT_ERR; break; }
            if (n == 0xFFFFFFFF) { res = FR_DISK_ERR; break; }
            if (n == 0) {   /* Is it a free cluster? */
                if (++ncl == tcl) break;    /* Break if a contiguous cluster block is found */
            } else {
                scl = clst; ncl = 0;        /* Not a free cluster */
            }
            if (clst == stcl) { res = FR_DENIED; break; }   /* No contiguous cluster? */
        }
        if (res == FR_OK) { /* A contiguous free area is found */
            if (opt) {      /* Allocate it now */
                for (clst = scl, n = tcl; n; clst++, n--) { /* Create a cluster chain on the FAT */
                    res = put_fat(fs, clst, (n == 1) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : clst + 1);
                    if (res != FR_OK) break;
                    lclst = clst;
                }
            } else {        /* Set it as suggested point for next allocation */
                lclst = scl - 1;
            }
        }
    }
 
    if (res == FR_OK) {
        fs->last_clst = lclst;      /* Set suggested start cluster to start next */
        if (opt) {  /* Is it allocated now? */
            fp->obj.sclust = scl;       /* Update object allocation information */
            fp->obj.objsize = fsz;
            if (FF_FS_EXFAT) fp->obj.stat = 2;  /* Set status 'contiguous chain' */
            fp->flag |= FA_MODIFIED;
            if (fs->free_clst <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {    /* Update FSINFO */
                fs->free_clst -= tcl;
                fs->fsi_flag |= 1;
            }
        }
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
}
 
#endif /* FF_USE_EXPAND && !FF_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_FORWARD
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Forward Data to the Stream Directly                                   */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_forward (
    FIL* fp,                        /* Pointer to the file object */
    UINT (*func)(const BYTE*,UINT), /* Pointer to the streaming function */
    UINT btf,                       /* Number of bytes to forward */
    UINT* bf                        /* Pointer to number of bytes forwarded */
)
{
    FRESULT res;
    FATFS *fs;
    DWORD clst;
    LBA_t sect;
    FSIZE_t remain;
    UINT rcnt, csect;
    BYTE *dbuf;
 
 
    *bf = 0;    /* Clear transfer byte counter */
    res = validate(&fp->obj, &fs);      /* Check validity of the file object */
    if (res != FR_OK || (res = (FRESULT)fp->err) != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
    if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ)) LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_DENIED); /* Check access mode */
 
    remain = fp->obj.objsize - fp->fptr;
    if (btf > remain) btf = (UINT)remain;           /* Truncate btf by remaining bytes */
 
    for ( ;  btf && (*func)(0, 0);                  /* Repeat until all data transferred or stream goes busy */
        fp->fptr += rcnt, *bf += rcnt, btf -= rcnt) {
        csect = (UINT)(fp->fptr / SS(fs) & (fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
        if (fp->fptr % SS(fs) == 0) {               /* On the sector boundary? */
            if (csect == 0) {                       /* On the cluster boundary? */
                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ?            /* On the top of the file? */
                    fp->obj.sclust : get_fat(&fp->obj, fp->clust);
                if (clst <= 1) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->clust = clst;                   /* Update current cluster */
            }
        }
        sect = clst2sect(fs, fp->clust);            /* Get current data sector */
        if (sect == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
        sect += csect;
#if FF_FS_TINY
        if (move_window(fs, sect) != FR_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR); /* Move sector window to the file data */
        dbuf = fs->win;
#else
        if (fp->sect != sect) {     /* Fill sector cache with file data */
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
            if (fp->flag & FA_DIRTY) {      /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                if (p_io->disk_write(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, fp->sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                fp->flag &= (BYTE)~FA_DIRTY;
            }
#endif
            if (p_io->disk_read(fs->pdrv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) ABORT(fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
        }
        dbuf = fp->buf;
#endif
        fp->sect = sect;
        rcnt = SS(fs) - (UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs);    /* Number of bytes remains in the sector */
        if (rcnt > btf) rcnt = btf;                 /* Clip it by btr if needed */
        rcnt = (*func)(dbuf + ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fs)), rcnt); /* Forward the file data */
        if (rcnt == 0) ABORT(fs, FR_INT_ERR);
    }
 
    LEAVE_FF(fs, FR_OK);
}
#endif /* FF_USE_FORWARD */
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create an FAT/exFAT volume                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
#define N_SEC_TRACK 63          /* Sectors per track for determination of drive CHS */
#define GPT_ALIGN   0x100000    /* Alignment of partitions in GPT [byte] (>=128KB) */
#define GPT_ITEMS   128         /* Number of GPT table size (>=128, sector aligned) */
 
 
/* Create partitions on the physical drive */
 
 FRESULT FatFs::create_partition (
    BYTE drv,           /* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t plst[], /* Partition list */
    UINT sys,           /* System ID (for only MBR, temp setting) and bit8:GPT */
    BYTE* buf           /* Working buffer for a sector */
)
{
    UINT i, cy;
    LBA_t sz_drv;
    DWORD sz_drv32, s_lba32, n_lba32;
    BYTE *pte, hd, n_hd, sc, n_sc;
 
    /* Get drive size */
    if (p_io->disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_drv) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
 
#if FF_LBA64
    if (sz_drv >= FF_MIN_GPT) { /* Create partitions in GPT */
        WORD ss;
        UINT sz_pt, pi, si, ofs;
        DWORD bcc, rnd, align;
        QWORD s_lba64, n_lba64, sz_pool, s_bpt;
        static const BYTE gpt_mbr[16] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0xEE, 0xFE, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};
 
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
        if (p_io->disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;  /* Get sector size */
        if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
        ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
        rnd = GET_FATTIME();            /* Random seed */
        align = GPT_ALIGN / ss;         /* Partition alignment [sector] */
        sz_pt = GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss;   /* Size of PT [sector] */
        s_bpt = sz_drv - sz_pt - 1;     /* Backup PT start sector */
        s_lba64 = 2 + sz_pt;            /* First allocatable sector */
        sz_pool = s_bpt - s_lba64;      /* Size of allocatable area */
        bcc = 0xFFFFFFFF; n_lba64 = 1;
        pi = si = 0;    /* partition table index, size table index */
        do {
            if (pi * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) mem_set(buf, 0, ss);    /* Clean the buffer if needed */
            if (n_lba64 != 0) { /* Is the size table not termintated? */
                s_lba64 = (s_lba64 + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align);   /* Align partition start */
                n_lba64 = plst[si++];   /* Get a partition size */
                if (n_lba64 <= 100) {   /* Is the size in percentage? */
                    n_lba64 = sz_pool * n_lba64 / 100;
                    n_lba64 = (n_lba64 + align - 1) & ((QWORD)0 - align);   /* Align partition end (only if in percentage) */
                }
                if (s_lba64 + n_lba64 > s_bpt) {    /* Clip at end of the pool */
                    n_lba64 = (s_lba64 < s_bpt) ? s_bpt - s_lba64 : 0;
                }
            }
            if (n_lba64 != 0) {     /* Add a partition? */
                ofs = pi * SZ_GPTE % ss;
                mem_cpy(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16);    /* Partition GUID (Microsoft Basic Data) */
                rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + ofs + GPTE_UpGuid, 16);      /* Unique partition GUID */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba, s_lba64);             /* Partition start LBA */
                st_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba, s_lba64 + n_lba64 - 1);   /* Partition end LBA */
                s_lba64 += n_lba64;     /* Next partition LBA */
            }
            if ((pi + 1) * SZ_GPTE % ss == 0) {     /* Write the buffer if it is filled up */
                for (i = 0; i < ss; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;   /* Calculate table check sum */
                if (p_io->disk_write(drv, buf, 2 + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;     /* Primary table */
                if (p_io->disk_write(drv, buf, s_bpt + pi * SZ_GPTE / ss, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Secondary table */
            }
        } while (++pi < GPT_ITEMS);
 
        /* Create primary GPT header */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + GPTH_Sign, "EFI PART" "\0\0\1\0" "\x5C\0\0", 16); /* Signature, version (1.0) and size (92) */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtBcc, ~bcc);               /* Table check sum */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, 1);                 /* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, sz_drv - 1);        /* LBA of another header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_FstLba, 2 + sz_pt);         /* LBA of first allocatable sector */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_LstLba, s_bpt - 1);         /* LBA of last allocatable sector */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PteSize, SZ_GPTE);          /* Size of a table entry */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum, GPT_ITEMS);          /* Number of table entries */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, 2);                  /* LBA of this table */
        rnd = make_rand(rnd, buf + GPTH_DskGuid, 16);   /* Disk GUID */
        for (i = 0, bcc= 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;  /* Calculate header check sum */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc);                 /* Header check sum */
        if (p_io->disk_write(drv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
 
        /* Create secondary GPT header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_CurLba, sz_drv - 1);        /* LBA of this header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_BakLba, 1);                 /* LBA of another header */
        st_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs, s_bpt);              /* LBA of this table */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, 0);
        for (i = 0, bcc= 0xFFFFFFFF; i < 92; bcc = crc32(bcc, buf[i++])) ;  /* Calculate header check sum */
        st_dword(buf + GPTH_Bcc, ~bcc);                 /* Header check sum */
        if (p_io->disk_write(drv, buf, sz_drv - 1, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
 
        /* Create protective MBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + MBR_Table, gpt_mbr, 16);          /* Create a GPT partition */
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
        if (p_io->disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
 
    } else
#endif
    {                   /* Create partitions in MBR */
        sz_drv32 = (DWORD)sz_drv;
        n_sc = N_SEC_TRACK;     /* Determine drive CHS without any consideration of the drive geometry */
        for (n_hd = 8; n_hd != 0 && sz_drv32 / n_hd / n_sc > 1024; n_hd *= 2) ;
        if (n_hd == 0) n_hd = 255;  /* Number of heads needs to be <256 */
 
        mem_set(buf, 0, FF_MAX_SS); /* Clear MBR */
        pte = buf + MBR_Table;  /* Partition table in the MBR */
        for (i = 0, s_lba32 = n_sc; i < 4 && s_lba32 != 0 && s_lba32 < sz_drv32; i++, s_lba32 += n_lba32) {
            n_lba32 = (DWORD)plst[i];   /* Get partition size */
            if (n_lba32 <= 100) n_lba32 = (n_lba32 == 100) ? sz_drv32 : sz_drv32 / 100 * n_lba32;   /* Size in percentage? */
            if (s_lba32 + n_lba32 > sz_drv32 || s_lba32 + n_lba32 < s_lba32) n_lba32 = sz_drv32 - s_lba32;  /* Clip at drive size */
            if (n_lba32 == 0) break;    /* End of table or no sector to allocate? */
 
            st_dword(pte + PTE_StLba, s_lba32);     /* Start LBA */
            st_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba, n_lba32);    /* Number of sectors */
            pte[PTE_System] = (BYTE)sys;            /* System type */
 
            cy = (UINT)(s_lba32 / n_sc / n_hd);     /* Start cylinder */
            hd = (BYTE)(s_lba32 / n_sc % n_hd);     /* Start head */
            sc = (BYTE)(s_lba32 % n_sc + 1);        /* Start sector */
            pte[PTE_StHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_StSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_StCyl] = (BYTE)cy;
 
            cy = (UINT)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) / n_sc / n_hd); /* End cylinder */
            hd = (BYTE)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) / n_sc % n_hd); /* End head */
            sc = (BYTE)((s_lba32 + n_lba32 - 1) % n_sc + 1);    /* End sector */
            pte[PTE_EdHead] = hd;
            pte[PTE_EdSec] = (BYTE)((cy >> 2 & 0xC0) | sc);
            pte[PTE_EdCyl] = (BYTE)cy;
 
            pte += SZ_PTE;      /* Next entry */
        }
 
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);     /* MBR signature */
        if (p_io->disk_write(drv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR; /* Write it to the MBR */
    }
 
    return FR_OK;
}
 
 
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_mkfs (
    const TCHAR* path,      /* Logical drive number */
    const MKFS_PARM* opt,   /* Format options */
    void* work,             /* Pointer to working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
    UINT len                /* Size of working buffer [byte] */
)
{
    static const WORD cst[] = {1, 4, 16, 64, 256, 512, 0};  /* Cluster size boundary for FAT volume (4Ks unit) */
    static const WORD cst32[] = {1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 0};    /* Cluster size boundary for FAT32 volume (128Ks unit) */
    static const MKFS_PARM defopt = {FM_ANY, 0, 0, 0, 0};   /* Default parameter */
    BYTE fsopt, fsty, sys, *buf, *pte, pdrv, ipart;
    WORD ss;    /* Sector size */
    DWORD sz_buf, sz_blk, n_clst, pau, nsect, n;
    LBA_t sz_vol, b_vol, b_fat, b_data;     /* Size of volume, Base LBA of volume, fat, data */
    LBA_t sect, lba[2];
    DWORD sz_rsv, sz_fat, sz_dir, sz_au;    /* Size of reserved, fat, dir, data, cluster */
    UINT n_fat, n_root, i;                  /* Index, Number of FATs and Number of roor dir entries */
    int vol;
    DSTATUS ds;
    FRESULT fr;
 
 
    /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
    vol = get_ldnumber(&path);                  /* Get target logical drive */
    if (vol < 0) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
    if (FatFsDir[vol]) FatFsDir[vol]->fs_type = 0;  /* Clear the fs object if mounted */
    pdrv = LD2PD(vol);          /* Physical drive */
    ipart = LD2PT(vol);         /* Partition (0:create as new, 1..:get from partition table) */
    if (!opt) opt = &defopt;    /* Use default parameter if it is not given */
 
    /* Get physical drive status (sz_drv, sz_blk, ss) */
    ds = p_io->disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (ds & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
    if (ds & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
    sz_blk = opt->align;
    if (sz_blk == 0 && p_io->disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &sz_blk) != RES_OK) sz_blk = 1;
    if (sz_blk == 0 || sz_blk > 0x8000 || (sz_blk & (sz_blk - 1))) sz_blk = 1;
#if FF_MAX_SS != FF_MIN_SS
    if (p_io->disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &ss) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
    if (ss > FF_MAX_SS || ss < FF_MIN_SS || (ss & (ss - 1))) return FR_DISK_ERR;
#else
    ss = FF_MAX_SS;
#endif
    /* Options for FAT sub-type and FAT parameters */
    fsopt = opt->fmt & (FM_ANY | FM_SFD);
    n_fat = (opt->n_fat >= 1 && opt->n_fat <= 2) ? opt->n_fat : 1;
    n_root = (opt->n_root >= 1 && opt->n_root <= 32768 && (opt->n_root % (ss / SZDIRE)) == 0) ? opt->n_root : 512;
    sz_au = (opt->au_size <= 0x1000000 && (opt->au_size & (opt->au_size - 1)) == 0) ? opt->au_size : 0;
    sz_au /= ss;    /* Byte --> Sector */
 
    /* Get working buffer */
    sz_buf = len / ss;      /* Size of working buffer [sector] */
    if (sz_buf == 0) return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
    buf = (BYTE*)work;      /* Working buffer */
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
    if (!buf) buf = ff_memalloc(sz_buf * ss);   /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
#endif
    if (!buf) return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
 
    /* Determine where the volume to be located (b_vol, sz_vol) */
    b_vol = sz_vol = 0;
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) { /* Is the volume associated with any specific partition? */
        /* Get partition location from the existing partition table */
        if (p_io->disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Load MBR */
        if (ld_word(buf + BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);  /* Check if MBR is valid */
#if FF_LBA64
        if (buf[MBR_Table + PTE_System] == 0xEE) {  /* GPT protective MBR? */
            DWORD n_ent, ofs;
            QWORD pt_lba;
 
            /* Get the partition location from GPT */
            if (p_io->disk_read(pdrv, buf, 1, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Load GPT header sector (next to MBR) */
            if (!test_gpt_header(buf)) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Check if GPT header is valid */
            n_ent = ld_dword(buf + GPTH_PtNum);     /* Number of entries */
            pt_lba = ld_qword(buf + GPTH_PtOfs);    /* Table start sector */
            ofs = i = 0;
            while (n_ent) {     /* Find MS Basic partition with order of ipart */
                if (ofs == 0 && p_io->disk_read(pdrv, buf, pt_lba++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR); /* Get PT sector */
                if (!mem_cmp(buf + ofs + GPTE_PtGuid, GUID_MS_Basic, 16) && ++i == ipart) { /* MS basic data partition? */
                    b_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_FstLba);
                    sz_vol = ld_qword(buf + ofs + GPTE_LstLba) - b_vol + 1;
                    break;
                }
                n_ent--; ofs = (ofs + SZ_GPTE) % ss;    /* Next entry */
            }
            if (n_ent == 0) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Partition not found */
            fsopt |= 0x80;  /* Partitioning is in GPT */
        } else
#endif
        {   /* Get the partition location from MBR partition table */
            pte = buf + (MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE);
            if (ipart > 4 || pte[PTE_System] == 0) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* No partition? */
            b_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_StLba);      /* Get volume start sector */
            sz_vol = ld_dword(pte + PTE_SizLba);    /* Get volume size */
        }
    } else {    /* The volume is associated with a physical drive */
        if (p_io->disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_vol) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) {    /* To be partitioned? */
            /* Create a single-partition on the drive in this function */
#if FF_LBA64
            if (sz_vol >= FF_MIN_GPT) { /* Which partition type to create, MBR or GPT? */
                fsopt |= 0x80;      /* Partitioning is in GPT */
                b_vol = GPT_ALIGN / ss; sz_vol -= b_vol + GPT_ITEMS * SZ_GPTE / ss + 1; /* Estimated partition offset and size */
            } else
#endif
            {   /* Partitioning is in MBR */
                if (sz_vol > N_SEC_TRACK) {
                    b_vol = N_SEC_TRACK; sz_vol -= b_vol;   /* Estimated partition offset and size */
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (sz_vol < 128) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);  /* Check if volume size is >=128s */
 
    /* Now start to create a FAT volume at b_vol and sz_vol */
 
    do {    /* Pre-determine the FAT type */
        if (FF_FS_EXFAT && (fsopt & FM_EXFAT)) {    /* exFAT possible? */
            if ((fsopt & FM_ANY) == FM_EXFAT || sz_vol >= 0x4000000 || sz_au > 128) {   /* exFAT only, vol >= 64MS or sz_au > 128S ? */
                fsty = FS_EXFAT; break;
            }
        }
#if FF_LBA64
        if (sz_vol >= 0x100000000) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED); /* Too large volume for FAT/FAT32 */
#endif
        if (sz_au > 128) sz_au = 128;   /* Invalid AU for FAT/FAT32? */
        if (fsopt & FM_FAT32) { /* FAT32 possible? */
            if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) {    /* no-FAT? */
                fsty = FS_FAT32; break;
            }
        }
        if (!(fsopt & FM_FAT)) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_INVALID_PARAMETER);    /* no-FAT? */
        fsty = FS_FAT16;
    } while (0);
 
#if FF_FS_EXFAT
    if (fsty == FS_EXFAT) { /* Create an exFAT volume */
        DWORD szb_bit, szb_case, sum, nb, cl, tbl[3];
        WCHAR ch, si;
        UINT j, st;
        BYTE b;
 
        if (sz_vol < 0x1000) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);   /* Too small volume for exFAT? */
#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol; lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;    /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        p_io->disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
        /* Determine FAT location, data location and number of clusters */
        if (sz_au == 0) {   /* AU auto-selection */
            sz_au = 8;
            if (sz_vol >= 0x80000) sz_au = 64;      /* >= 512Ks */
            if (sz_vol >= 0x4000000) sz_au = 256;   /* >= 64Ms */
        }
        b_fat = b_vol + 32;                                     /* FAT start at offset 32 */
        sz_fat = (DWORD)((sz_vol / sz_au + 2) * 4 + ss - 1) / ss;   /* Number of FAT sectors */
        b_data = (b_fat + sz_fat + sz_blk - 1) & ~((LBA_t)sz_blk - 1);  /* Align data area to the erase block boundary */
        if (b_data - b_vol >= sz_vol / 2) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);  /* Too small volume? */
        n_clst = (DWORD)(sz_vol - (b_data - b_vol)) / sz_au;    /* Number of clusters */
        if (n_clst <16) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);            /* Too few clusters? */
        if (n_clst > MAX_EXFAT) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too many clusters? */
 
        szb_bit = (n_clst + 7) / 8;                         /* Size of allocation bitmap */
        tbl[0] = (szb_bit + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss); /* Number of allocation bitmap clusters */
 
        /* Create a compressed up-case table */
        sect = b_data + sz_au * tbl[0]; /* Table start sector */
        sum = 0;                        /* Table checksum to be stored in the 82 entry */
        st = 0; si = 0; i = 0; j = 0; szb_case = 0;
        do {
            switch (st) {
            case 0:
                ch = (WCHAR)ff_wtoupper(si);    /* Get an up-case char */
                if (ch != si) {
                    si++; break;        /* Store the up-case char if exist */
                }
                for (j = 1; (WCHAR)(si + j) && (WCHAR)(si + j) == ff_wtoupper((WCHAR)(si + j)); j++) ;  /* Get run length of no-case block */
                if (j >= 128) {
                    ch = 0xFFFF; st = 2; break; /* Compress the no-case block if run is >= 128 */
                }
                st = 1;         /* Do not compress short run */
                /* go to next case */
            case 1:
                ch = si++;      /* Fill the short run */
                if (--j == 0) st = 0;
                break;
 
            default:
                ch = (WCHAR)j; si += (WCHAR)j;  /* Number of chars to skip */
                st = 0;
            }
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 0] = (BYTE)ch, sum);       /* Put it into the write buffer */
            sum = xsum32(buf[i + 1] = (BYTE)(ch >> 8), sum);
            i += 2; szb_case += 2;
            if (si == 0 || i == sz_buf * ss) {      /* Write buffered data when buffer full or end of process */
                n = (i + ss - 1) / ss;
                if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                sect += n; i = 0;
            }
        } while (si);
        tbl[1] = (szb_case + sz_au * ss - 1) / (sz_au * ss);    /* Number of up-case table clusters */
        tbl[2] = 1;                                     /* Number of root dir clusters */
 
        /* Initialize the allocation bitmap */
        sect = b_data; nsect = (szb_bit + ss - 1) / ss; /* Start of bitmap and number of sectors */
        nb = tbl[0] + tbl[1] + tbl[2];                  /* Number of clusters in-use by system */
        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
            for (i = 0; nb >= 8 && i < sz_buf * ss; buf[i++] = 0xFF, nb -= 8) ;
            for (b = 1; nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss; buf[i] |= b, b <<= 1, nb--) ;
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;      /* Write the buffered data */
            if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
 
        /* Initialize the FAT */
        sect = b_fat; nsect = sz_fat;   /* Start of FAT and number of FAT sectors */
        j = nb = cl = 0;
        do {
            mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss); i = 0;    /* Clear work area and reset write index */
            if (cl == 0) {  /* Set FAT [0] and FAT[1] */
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFF8); i += 4; cl++;
                st_dword(buf + i, 0xFFFFFFFF); i += 4; cl++;
            }
            do {            /* Create chains of bitmap, up-case and root dir */
                while (nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss) {    /* Create a chain */
                    st_dword(buf + i, (nb > 1) ? cl + 1 : 0xFFFFFFFF);
                    i += 4; cl++; nb--;
                }
                if (nb == 0 && j < 3) nb = tbl[j++];    /* Next chain */
            } while (nb != 0 && i < sz_buf * ss);
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;  /* Write the buffered data */
            if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
 
        /* Initialize the root directory */
        mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        buf[SZDIRE * 0 + 0] = ET_VLABEL;                    /* Volume label entry (no label) */
        buf[SZDIRE * 1 + 0] = ET_BITMAP;                    /* Bitmap entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 20, 2);                 /*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 1 + 24, szb_bit);           /*  size */
        buf[SZDIRE * 2 + 0] = ET_UPCASE;                    /* Up-case table entry */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 4, sum);                /*  sum */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 20, 2 + tbl[0]);        /*  cluster */
        st_dword(buf + SZDIRE * 2 + 24, szb_case);          /*  size */
        sect = b_data + sz_au * (tbl[0] + tbl[1]); nsect = sz_au;   /* Start of the root directory and number of sectors */
        do {    /* Fill root directory sectors */
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
 
        /* Create two set of the exFAT VBR blocks */
        sect = b_vol;
        for (n = 0; n < 2; n++) {
            /* Main record (+0) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\x76\x90" "EXFAT   ", 11);   /* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_VolOfsEx, b_vol);                    /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
            st_qword(buf + BPB_TotSecEx, sz_vol);                   /* Volume size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_fat - b_vol));   /* FAT offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FatSzEx, sz_fat);                    /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_DataOfsEx, (DWORD)(b_data - b_vol)); /* Data offset [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_NumClusEx, n_clst);                  /* Number of clusters */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClusEx, 2 + tbl[0] + tbl[1]);    /* Root dir cluster # */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_VolIDEx, GET_FATTIME());             /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSVerEx, 0x100);                      /* Filesystem version (1.00) */
            for (buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx] = 0, i = ss; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_BytsPerSecEx]++) ; /* Log2 of sector size [byte] */
            for (buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx] = 0, i = sz_au; i >>= 1; buf[BPB_SecPerClusEx]++) ;  /* Log2 of cluster size [sector] */
            buf[BPB_NumFATsEx] = 1;                 /* Number of FATs */
            buf[BPB_DrvNumEx] = 0x80;               /* Drive number (for int13) */
            st_word(buf + BS_BootCodeEx, 0xFEEB);   /* Boot code (x86) */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);         /* Signature (placed here regardless of sector size) */
            for (i = sum = 0; i < ss; i++) {        /* VBR checksum */
                if (i != BPB_VolFlagEx && i != BPB_VolFlagEx + 1 && i != BPB_PercInUseEx) sum = xsum32(buf[i], sum);
            }
            if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            /* Extended bootstrap record (+1..+8) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_word(buf + ss - 2, 0xAA55);  /* Signature (placed at end of sector) */
            for (j = 1; j < 9; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;  /* VBR checksum */
                if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            /* OEM/Reserved record (+9..+10) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            for ( ; j < 11; j++) {
                for (i = 0; i < ss; sum = xsum32(buf[i++], sum)) ;  /* VBR checksum */
                if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            }
            /* Sum record (+11) */
            for (i = 0; i < ss; i += 4) st_dword(buf + i, sum);     /* Fill with checksum value */
            if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect++, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
        }
 
    } else
#endif  /* FF_FS_EXFAT */
    {   /* Create an FAT/FAT32 volume */
        do {
            pau = sz_au;
            /* Pre-determine number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) { /* FAT32 volume */
                if (pau == 0) { /* AU auto-selection */
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x20000;    /* Volume size in unit of 128KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst32[i] && cst32[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;   /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;   /* Number of clusters */
                sz_fat = (n_clst * 4 + 8 + ss - 1) / ss;    /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 32;    /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = 0;     /* No static directory */
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16 || n_clst > MAX_FAT32) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
            } else {                /* FAT volume */
                if (pau == 0) { /* au auto-selection */
                    n = (DWORD)sz_vol / 0x1000; /* Volume size in unit of 4KS */
                    for (i = 0, pau = 1; cst[i] && cst[i] <= n; i++, pau <<= 1) ;   /* Get from table */
                }
                n_clst = (DWORD)sz_vol / pau;
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT12) {
                    n = n_clst * 2 + 4;     /* FAT size [byte] */
                } else {
                    fsty = FS_FAT12;
                    n = (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3;   /* FAT size [byte] */
                }
                sz_fat = (n + ss - 1) / ss;     /* FAT size [sector] */
                sz_rsv = 1;                     /* Number of reserved sectors */
                sz_dir = (DWORD)n_root * SZDIRE / ss;   /* Root dir size [sector] */
            }
            b_fat = b_vol + sz_rsv;                     /* FAT base */
            b_data = b_fat + sz_fat * n_fat + sz_dir;   /* Data base */
 
            /* Align data area to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
            n = (DWORD)(((b_data + sz_blk - 1) & ~(sz_blk - 1)) - b_data);  /* Sectors to next nearest from current data base */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {     /* FAT32: Move FAT */
                sz_rsv += n; b_fat += n;
            } else {                    /* FAT: Expand FAT */
                if (n % n_fat) {    /* Adjust fractional error if needed */
                    n--; sz_rsv++; b_fat++;
                }
                sz_fat += n / n_fat;
            }
 
            /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
            if (sz_vol < b_data + pau * 16 - b_vol) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too small volume? */
            n_clst = ((DWORD)sz_vol - sz_rsv - sz_fat * n_fat - sz_dir) / pau;
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                if (n_clst <= MAX_FAT16) {  /* Too few clusters for FAT32? */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau / 2) != 0) continue; /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }
            if (fsty == FS_FAT16) {
                if (n_clst > MAX_FAT16) {   /* Too many clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (pau * 2) <= 64) {
                        sz_au = pau * 2; continue;      /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    }
                    if ((fsopt & FM_FAT32)) {
                        fsty = FS_FAT32; continue;  /* Switch type to FAT32 and retry */
                    }
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) continue;   /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
                if  (n_clst <= MAX_FAT12) { /* Too few clusters for FAT16 */
                    if (sz_au == 0 && (sz_au = pau * 2) <= 128) continue;   /* Adjust cluster size and retry */
                    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);
                }
            }
            if (fsty == FS_FAT12 && n_clst > MAX_FAT12) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_MKFS_ABORTED);    /* Too many clusters for FAT12 */
 
            /* Ok, it is the valid cluster configuration */
            break;
        } while (1);
 
#if FF_USE_TRIM
        lba[0] = b_vol; lba[1] = b_vol + sz_vol - 1;    /* Inform storage device that the volume area may be erased */
        p_io->disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_TRIM, lba);
#endif
        /* Create FAT VBR */
        mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
        mem_cpy(buf + BS_JmpBoot, "\xEB\xFE\x90" "MSDOS5.0", 11);/* Boot jump code (x86), OEM name */
        st_word(buf + BPB_BytsPerSec, ss);              /* Sector size [byte] */
        buf[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)pau;                /* Cluster size [sector] */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RsvdSecCnt, (WORD)sz_rsv);    /* Size of reserved area */
        buf[BPB_NumFATs] = (BYTE)n_fat;                 /* Number of FATs */
        st_word(buf + BPB_RootEntCnt, (WORD)((fsty == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : n_root)); /* Number of root directory entries */
        if (sz_vol < 0x10000) {
            st_word(buf + BPB_TotSec16, (WORD)sz_vol);  /* Volume size in 16-bit LBA */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BPB_TotSec32, (DWORD)sz_vol);    /* Volume size in 32-bit LBA */
        }
        buf[BPB_Media] = 0xF8;                          /* Media descriptor byte */
        st_word(buf + BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);               /* Number of sectors per track (for int13) */
        st_word(buf + BPB_NumHeads, 255);               /* Number of heads (for int13) */
        st_dword(buf + BPB_HiddSec, (DWORD)b_vol);      /* Volume offset in the physical drive [sector] */
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID32, GET_FATTIME());  /* VSN */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_FATSz32, sz_fat);        /* FAT size [sector] */
            st_dword(buf + BPB_RootClus32, 2);          /* Root directory cluster # (2) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FSInfo32, 1);             /* Offset of FSINFO sector (VBR + 1) */
            st_word(buf + BPB_BkBootSec32, 6);          /* Offset of backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            buf[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;                    /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                   /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    " "FAT32   ", 19);   /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        } else {
            st_dword(buf + BS_VolID, GET_FATTIME());    /* VSN */
            st_word(buf + BPB_FATSz16, (WORD)sz_fat);   /* FAT size [sector] */
            buf[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;                      /* Drive number (for int13) */
            buf[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                     /* Extended boot signature */
            mem_cpy(buf + BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    " "FAT     ", 19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        }
        st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);                 /* Signature (offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
        if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);   /* Write it to the VBR sector */
 
        /* Create FSINFO record if needed */
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 6, 1);      /* Write backup VBR (VBR + 6) */
            mem_set(buf, 0, ss);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1); /* Number of free clusters */
            st_dword(buf + FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);            /* Last allocated cluster# */
            st_word(buf + BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
            p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 7, 1);      /* Write backup FSINFO (VBR + 7) */
            p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, b_vol + 1, 1);      /* Write original FSINFO (VBR + 1) */
        }
 
        /* Initialize FAT area */
        mem_set(buf, 0, sz_buf * ss);
        sect = b_fat;       /* FAT start sector */
        for (i = 0; i < n_fat; i++) {           /* Initialize FATs each */
            if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
                st_dword(buf + 0, 0xFFFFFFF8);  /* FAT[0] */
                st_dword(buf + 4, 0xFFFFFFFF);  /* FAT[1] */
                st_dword(buf + 8, 0x0FFFFFFF);  /* FAT[2] (root directory) */
            } else {
                st_dword(buf + 0, (fsty == FS_FAT12) ? 0xFFFFF8 : 0xFFFFFFF8);  /* FAT[0] and FAT[1] */
            }
            nsect = sz_fat;     /* Number of FAT sectors */
            do {    /* Fill FAT sectors */
                n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
                if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
                mem_set(buf, 0, ss);    /* Rest of FAT all are cleared */
                sect += n; nsect -= n;
            } while (nsect);
        }
 
        /* Initialize root directory (fill with zero) */
        nsect = (fsty == FS_FAT32) ? pau : sz_dir;  /* Number of root directory sectors */
        do {
            n = (nsect > sz_buf) ? sz_buf : nsect;
            if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, sect, (UINT)n) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
            sect += n; nsect -= n;
        } while (nsect);
    }
 
    /* A FAT volume has been created here */
 
    /* Determine system ID in the MBR partition table */
    if (FF_FS_EXFAT && fsty == FS_EXFAT) {
        sys = 0x07;         /* exFAT */
    } else {
        if (fsty == FS_FAT32) {
            sys = 0x0C;     /* FAT32X */
        } else {
            if (sz_vol >= 0x10000) {
                sys = 0x06; /* FAT12/16 (large) */
            } else {
                sys = (fsty == FS_FAT16) ? 0x04 : 0x01; /* FAT16 : FAT12 */
            }
        }
    }
 
    /* Update partition information */
    if (FF_MULTI_PARTITION && ipart != 0) { /* Volume is in the existing partition */
        if (!FF_LBA64 || !(fsopt & 0x80)) {
            /* Update system ID in the partition table */
            if (p_io->disk_read(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);    /* Read the MBR */
            buf[MBR_Table + (ipart - 1) * SZ_PTE + PTE_System] = sys;           /* Set system ID */
            if (p_io->disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);   /* Write it back to the MBR */
        }
    } else {                                /* Volume as a new single partition */
        if (!(fsopt & FM_SFD)) {    /* Create partition table if not in SFD */
            lba[0] = sz_vol, lba[1] = 0;
            fr = create_partition(pdrv, lba, sys, buf);
            if (fr != FR_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(fr);
        }
    }
 
    if (p_io->disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK) LEAVE_MKFS(FR_DISK_ERR);
 
    LEAVE_MKFS(FR_OK);
}
 
 
 
 
#if FF_MULTI_PARTITION
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create Partition Table on the Physical Drive                          */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_fdisk (
    BYTE pdrv,          /* Physical drive number */
    const LBA_t ptbl[], /* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
    void* work          /* Pointer to the working buffer (null: use heap memory) */
)
{
    BYTE *buf = (BYTE*)work;
    DSTATUS stat;
 
 
    stat = p_io->disk_initialize(pdrv);
    if (stat & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
    if (stat & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
#if FF_USE_LFN == 3
    if (!buf) buf = ff_memalloc(FF_MAX_SS); /* Use heap memory for working buffer */
#endif
    if (!buf) return FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;
 
    LEAVE_MKFS(create_partition(pdrv, ptbl, 0x07, buf));
}
 
#endif /* FF_MULTI_PARTITION */
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY && FF_USE_MKFS */
 
 
 
 
#if FF_USE_STRFUNC
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && (FF_STRF_ENCODE < 0 || FF_STRF_ENCODE > 3)
#error Wrong FF_STRF_ENCODE setting
#endif
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Get a String from the File                                            */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
TCHAR* FatFs::f_gets (
    TCHAR* buff,    /* Pointer to the buffer to store read string */
    int len,        /* Size of string buffer (items) */
    FIL* fp         /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    int nc = 0;
    TCHAR *p = buff;
    BYTE s[4];
    UINT rc;
    DWORD dc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE <= 2
    WCHAR wc;
#endif
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE && FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3
    UINT ct;
#endif
 
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE            /* With code conversion (Unicode API) */
    /* Make a room for the character and terminator  */
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1) len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 1 : 2;
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2) len -= (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0) ? 3 : 4;
    if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3) len -= 1;
    while (nc < len) {
#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 0             /* Read a character in ANSI/OEM */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);      /* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 1) break;         /* EOF? */
        wc = s[0];
        if (dbc_1st((BYTE)wc)) {    /* DBC 1st byte? */
            f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);  /* Get DBC 2nd byte */
            if (rc != 1 || !dbc_2nd(s[0])) continue;    /* Wrong code? */
            wc = wc << 8 | s[0];
        }
        dc = ff_oem2uni(wc, CODEPAGE);  /* OEM --> */
        if (dc == 0) continue;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1 || FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2    /* Read a character in UTF-16LE/BE */
        f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);      /* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 2) break;         /* EOF? */
        dc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
        if (IsSurrogateL(dc)) continue; /* Broken surrogate pair? */
        if (IsSurrogateH(dc)) {     /* High surrogate? */
            f_read(fp, s, 2, &rc);  /* Get low surrogate */
            if (rc != 2) break;     /* EOF? */
            wc = (FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1) ? ld_word(s) : s[0] << 8 | s[1];
            if (!IsSurrogateL(wc)) continue;    /* Broken surrogate pair? */
            dc = ((dc & 0x3FF) + 0x40) << 10 | (wc & 0x3FF);    /* Merge surrogate pair */
        }
#else   /* Read a character in UTF-8 */
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);      /* Get a code unit */
        if (rc != 1) break;         /* EOF? */
        dc = s[0];
        if (dc >= 0x80) {           /* Multi-byte sequence? */
            ct = 0;
            if ((dc & 0xE0) == 0xC0) { dc &= 0x1F; ct = 1; }    /* 2-byte sequence? */
            if ((dc & 0xF0) == 0xE0) { dc &= 0x0F; ct = 2; }    /* 3-byte sequence? */
            if ((dc & 0xF8) == 0xF0) { dc &= 0x07; ct = 3; }    /* 4-byte sequence? */
            if (ct == 0) continue;
            f_read(fp, s, ct, &rc);     /* Get trailing bytes */
            if (rc != ct) break;
            rc = 0;
            do {    /* Merge the byte sequence */
                if ((s[rc] & 0xC0) != 0x80) break;
                dc = dc << 6 | (s[rc] & 0x3F);
            } while (++rc < ct);
            if (rc != ct || dc < 0x80 || IsSurrogate(dc) || dc >= 0x110000) continue;   /* Wrong encoding? */
        }
#endif
        /* A code point is avaialble in dc to be output */
 
        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') continue;    /* Strip \r off if needed */
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 || FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3  /* Output it in UTF-16/32 encoding */
        if (FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1 && dc >= 0x10000) { /* Out of BMP at UTF-16? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xD800 | ((dc >> 10) - 0x40)); nc++; /* Make and output high surrogate */
            dc = 0xDC00 | (dc & 0x3FF);     /* Make low surrogate */
        }
        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc; nc++;
        if (dc == '\n') break;  /* End of line? */
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2       /* Output it in UTF-8 encoding */
        if (dc < 0x80) {    /* Single byte? */
            *p++ = (TCHAR)dc;
            nc++;
            if (dc == '\n') break;  /* End of line? */
        } else {
            if (dc < 0x800) {       /* 2-byte sequence? */
                *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xC0 | (dc >> 6 & 0x1F));
                *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                nc += 2;
            } else {
                if (dc < 0x10000) { /* 3-byte sequence? */
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xE0 | (dc >> 12 & 0x0F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                    nc += 3;
                } else {            /* 4-byte sequence? */
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0xF0 | (dc >> 18 & 0x07));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 12 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 6 & 0x3F));
                    *p++ = (TCHAR)(0x80 | (dc >> 0 & 0x3F));
                    nc += 4;
                }
            }
        }
#endif
    }
 
#else           /* Byte-by-byte read without any conversion (ANSI/OEM API) */
    len -= 1;   /* Make a room for the terminator */
    while (nc < len) {
        f_read(fp, s, 1, &rc);  /* Get a byte */
        if (rc != 1) break;     /* EOF? */
        dc = s[0];
        if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && dc == '\r') continue;
        *p++ = (TCHAR)dc; nc++;
        if (dc == '\n') break;
    }
#endif
 
    *p = 0;     /* Terminate the string */
    return nc ? buff : 0;   /* When no data read due to EOF or error, return with error. */
}
 
 
 
 
#if !FF_FS_READONLY
#include <stdarg.h>
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Character to the File (sub-functions)                           */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 
 
/* Buffered write with code conversion */
 
 void FatFs::putc_bfd (putbuff* pb, TCHAR c)
{
    UINT n;
    int i, nc;
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
    WCHAR hs, wc;
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2
    DWORD dc;
    TCHAR *tp;
#endif
#endif
 
    if (FF_USE_STRFUNC == 2 && c == '\n') {  /* LF -> CRLF conversion */
        putc_bfd(pb, '\r');
    }
 
    i = pb->idx;            /* Write index of pb->buf[] */
    if (i < 0) return;
    nc = pb->nchr;          /* Write unit counter */
 
#if FF_USE_LFN && FF_LFN_UNICODE
#if FF_LFN_UNICODE == 1     /* UTF-16 input */
    if (IsSurrogateH(c)) {  /* High surrogate? */
        pb->hs = c; return; /* Save it for next */
    }
    hs = pb->hs; pb->hs = 0;
    if (hs != 0) {          /* There is a leading high surrogate */
        if (!IsSurrogateL(c)) hs = 0;   /* Discard high surrogate if not a surrogate pair */
    } else {
        if (IsSurrogateL(c)) return;    /* Discard stray low surrogate */
    }
    wc = c;
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 2   /* UTF-8 input */
    for (;;) {
        if (pb->ct == 0) {  /* Out of multi-byte sequence? */
            pb->bs[pb->wi = 0] = (BYTE)c;   /* Save 1st byte */
            if ((BYTE)c < 0x80) break;                  /* Single byte? */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xE0) == 0xC0) pb->ct = 1;   /* 2-byte sequence? */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF0) == 0xE0) pb->ct = 2;   /* 3-byte sequence? */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xF1) == 0xF0) pb->ct = 3;   /* 4-byte sequence? */
            return;
        } else {                /* In the multi-byte sequence */
            if (((BYTE)c & 0xC0) != 0x80) { /* Broken sequence? */
                pb->ct = 0; continue;
            }
            pb->bs[++pb->wi] = (BYTE)c; /* Save the trailing byte */
            if (--pb->ct == 0) break;   /* End of multi-byte sequence? */
            return;
        }
    }
    tp = (TCHAR*)pb->bs;
    dc = tchar2uni(&tp);    /* UTF-8 ==> UTF-16 */
    if (dc == 0xFFFFFFFF) return;   /* Wrong code? */
    wc = (WCHAR)dc;
    hs = (WCHAR)(dc >> 16);
#elif FF_LFN_UNICODE == 3   /* UTF-32 input */
    if (IsSurrogate(c) || c >= 0x110000) return;    /* Discard invalid code */
    if (c >= 0x10000) {     /* Out of BMP? */
        hs = (WCHAR)(0xD800 | ((c >> 10) - 0x40));  /* Make high surrogate */
        wc = 0xDC00 | (c & 0x3FF);                  /* Make low surrogate */
    } else {
        hs = 0;
        wc = (WCHAR)c;
    }
#endif
    /* A code point in UTF-16 is available in hs and wc */
 
#if FF_STRF_ENCODE == 1     /* Write a code point in UTF-16LE */
    if (hs != 0) {  /* Surrogate pair? */
        st_word(&pb->buf[i], hs);
        i += 2;
        nc++;
    }
    st_word(&pb->buf[i], wc);
    i += 2;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 2   /* Write a code point in UTF-16BE */
    if (hs != 0) {  /* Surrogate pair? */
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)hs;
        nc++;
    }
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8);
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#elif FF_STRF_ENCODE == 3   /* Write a code point in UTF-8 */
    if (hs != 0) {  /* 4-byte sequence? */
        nc += 3;
        hs = (hs & 0x3FF) + 0x40;
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xF0 | hs >> 8);
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs >> 2 & 0x3F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (hs & 3) << 4 | (wc >> 6 & 0x0F));
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
    } else {
        if (wc < 0x80) {    /* Single byte? */
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
        } else {
            if (wc < 0x800) {   /* 2-byte sequence? */
                nc += 1;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xC0 | wc >> 6);
            } else {            /* 3-byte sequence */
                nc += 2;
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0xE0 | wc >> 12);
                pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc >> 6 & 0x3F));
            }
            pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(0x80 | (wc & 0x3F));
        }
    }
#else                       /* Write a code point in ANSI/OEM */
    if (hs != 0) return;
    wc = ff_uni2oem(wc, CODEPAGE);  /* UTF-16 ==> ANSI/OEM */
    if (wc == 0) return;
    if (wc >= 0x100) {
        pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)(wc >> 8); nc++;
    }
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)wc;
#endif
 
#else                                   /* ANSI/OEM input (without re-encoding) */
    pb->buf[i++] = (BYTE)c;
#endif
 
    if (i >= (int)(sizeof pb->buf) - 4) {   /* Write buffered characters to the file */
        f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)i, &n);
        i = (n == (UINT)i) ? 0 : -1;
    }
    pb->idx = i;
    pb->nchr = nc + 1;
}
 
 
/* Flush remaining characters in the buffer */
 
 int FatFs::putc_flush (putbuff* pb)
{
    UINT nw;
 
    if (   pb->idx >= 0 /* Flush buffered characters to the file */
        && f_write(pb->fp, pb->buf, (UINT)pb->idx, &nw) == FR_OK
        && (UINT)pb->idx == nw) return pb->nchr;
    return EOF;
}
 
 
/* Initialize write buffer */
 
static void putc_init (putbuff* pb, FIL* fp)
{
    mem_set(pb, 0, sizeof (putbuff));
    pb->fp = fp;
}
 
 
 
int FatFs::f_putc (
    TCHAR c,    /* A character to be output */
    FIL* fp     /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;
 
 
    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    putc_bfd(&pb, c);   /* Put the character */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a String to the File                                              */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
int FatFs::f_puts (
    const TCHAR* str,   /* Pointer to the string to be output */
    FIL* fp             /* Pointer to the file object */
)
{
    putbuff pb;
 
 
    putc_init(&pb, fp);
    while (*str) putc_bfd(&pb, *str++);     /* Put the string */
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}
 
 
 
 
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Put a Formatted String to the File                                    */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
int FatFs::f_printf (
    FIL* fp,            /* Pointer to the file object */
    const TCHAR* fmt,   /* Pointer to the format string */
    ...                 /* Optional arguments... */
)
{
    va_list arp;
    putbuff pb;
    BYTE f, r;
    UINT i, j, w;
    DWORD v;
    TCHAR c, d, str[32], *p;
 
 
    putc_init(&pb, fp);
 
    va_start(arp, fmt);
 
    for (;;) {
        c = *fmt++;
        if (c == 0) break;          /* End of string */
        if (c != '%') {             /* Non escape character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, c);
            continue;
        }
        w = f = 0;
        c = *fmt++;
        if (c == '0') {             /* Flag: '0' padding */
            f = 1; c = *fmt++;
        } else {
            if (c == '-') {         /* Flag: left justified */
                f = 2; c = *fmt++;
            }
        }
        if (c == '*') {             /* Minimum width by argument */
            w = va_arg(arp, int);
            c = *fmt++;
        } else {
            while (IsDigit(c)) {    /* Minimum width */
                w = w * 10 + c - '0';
                c = *fmt++;
            }
        }
        if (c == 'l' || c == 'L') { /* Type prefix: Size is long int */
            f |= 4; c = *fmt++;
        }
        if (c == 0) break;
        d = c;
        if (IsLower(d)) d -= 0x20;
        switch (d) {                /* Atgument type is... */
        case 'S' :                  /* String */
            p = va_arg(arp, TCHAR*);
            for (j = 0; p[j]; j++) ;
            if (!(f & 2)) {                     /* Right padded */
                while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, ' ') ;
            }
            while (*p) putc_bfd(&pb, *p++) ;        /* String body */
            while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, ' ') ;    /* Left padded */
            continue;
 
        case 'C' :                  /* Character */
            putc_bfd(&pb, (TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int)); continue;
 
        case 'B' :                  /* Unsigned binary */
            r = 2; break;
 
        case 'O' :                  /* Unsigned octal */
            r = 8; break;
 
        case 'D' :                  /* Signed decimal */
        case 'U' :                  /* Unsigned decimal */
            r = 10; break;
 
        case 'X' :                  /* Unsigned hexdecimal */
            r = 16; break;
 
        default:                    /* Unknown type (pass-through) */
            putc_bfd(&pb, c); continue;
        }
 
        /* Get an argument and put it in numeral */
        v = (f & 4) ? (DWORD)va_arg(arp, long) : ((d == 'D') ? (DWORD)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (DWORD)va_arg(arp, unsigned int));
        if (d == 'D' && (v & 0x80000000)) {
            v = 0 - v;
            f |= 8;
        }
        i = 0;
        do {
            d = (TCHAR)(v % r); v /= r;
            if (d > 9) d += (c == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
            str[i++] = d + '0';
        } while (v && i < sizeof str / sizeof *str);
        if (f & 8) str[i++] = '-';
        j = i; d = (f & 1) ? '0' : ' ';
        if (!(f & 2)) {
            while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, d);   /* Right pad */
        }
        do {
            putc_bfd(&pb, str[--i]);            /* Number body */
        } while (i);
        while (j++ < w) putc_bfd(&pb, d);       /* Left pad */
    }
 
    va_end(arp);
 
    return putc_flush(&pb);
}
 
#endif /* !FF_FS_READONLY */
#endif /* FF_USE_STRFUNC */
 
 
 
#if FF_CODE_PAGE == 0
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Set Active Codepage for the Path Name                                 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
FRESULT FatFs::f_setcp (
    WORD cp     /* Value to be set as active code page */
)
{
    static const WORD       validcp[] = {  437,   720,   737,   771,   775,   850,   852,   857,   860,   861,   862,   863,   864,   865,   866,   869,   932,   936,   949,   950, 0};
    static const BYTE* const tables[] = {Ct437, Ct720, Ct737, Ct771, Ct775, Ct850, Ct852, Ct857, Ct860, Ct861, Ct862, Ct863, Ct864, Ct865, Ct866, Ct869, Dc932, Dc936, Dc949, Dc950, 0};
    UINT i;
 
 
    for (i = 0; validcp[i] != 0 && validcp[i] != cp; i++) ; /* Find the code page */
    if (validcp[i] != cp) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;  /* Not found? */
 
    CodePage = cp;
    if (cp >= 900) {    /* DBCS */
        ExCvt = 0;
        DbcTbl = tables[i];
    } else {            /* SBCS */
        ExCvt = tables[i];
        DbcTbl = 0;
    }
    return FR_OK;
}
#endif  /* FF_CODE_PAGE == 0 */
 
}